NATIONAL WILDLIFE FEDERATION; Idaho Wildlife Federation; Washington Wildlife Federation; Sierra Club; Trout Unlimited; Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations; Institute for Fisheries Resources; Idaho Rivers United; Idaho Steelhead and Salmon United; Northwest Sport Fishing Industry Association, Salmon for All; Columbia Riverkeeper; NW Energy Coalition; Federation of Fly Fishers; American Rivers, Inc.; Eastern Oregon Irrigators Association, Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v.
NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE; United States Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; Donald L. Evans, in his official capacity as Secretary of Commerce; NOAA Fisheries; D. Robert Lohn, in his official capacity as Regional Direct of NOAA Fisheries, Defendants,
Northwest Irrigation Utilities; Public Power Council; BPA Customer Group; Franklin County Farm Bureau Federation; Grant County Farm Board Federation; Washington Farm Bureau Federation; Clarkson Golf & Country Club; State of Montana; Kootenai Tribe of Idaho, Defendant-Intervenors, and
State of Oregon, Plaintiff-Intervenor-Appellee,
State of Idaho, Defendant-Intervenor-Appellant.
National Wildlife Federation; Idaho Wildlife Federation; Washington Wildlife Federation; Sierra Club; Trout Unlimited; Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations; Institute for Fisheries Resources; Idaho Rivers United; Idaho Steelhead and Salmon United; Northwest Sport Fishing Industry Association, Salmon for All; Columbia Riverkeeper; NW Energy Coalition; Federation of Fly Fishers; American Rivers, Inc.; Eastern Oregon Irrigators Association, Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v.
National Marine Fisheries Service; United States Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Defendants-Appellants,
State of Oregon, Plaintiff-Intervenor-Appellee, and
Donald L. Evans, in his official capacity as Secretary of Commerce; NOAA Fisheries; D. Robert Lohn, in his official capacity as Regional Director of NOAA Fisheries, Defendants,
Northwest Irrigation Utilities; Public Power Council; BPA Customer Group; Franklin County Farm Bureau Federation; Grant County Farm Board Federation; Washington Farm Bureau Federation; State of Idaho; Clarkson Golf & Country Club; State of Montana; Kootenai Tribe of Idaho, Defendant-Intervenors.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued and Submitted June 1, 2006.
Filed April 9, 2007.
Amended April 24, 2008.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
Mark Eames, NOAA Office of General Counsel, Seattle, WA; Gayle Lear, Assistant Division Counsel, Northwestern Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland, OR; Kelly A. Johnson, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Fred Disheroon, Ruth Ann Lowery, Ellen J. Durkee, and Jennifer L. Scheller, Attorneys, Environment & Natural Resources Division, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC., for federal defendants-appellants.
Matthew A. Love and Sam Kalen, Van Ness Feldman, P.C., Seattle, WA, for defendants-appellants BPA Customer Group.
Lawrence G. Wasden, Attorney General, Clive J. Strong, Deputy Attorney General, and Clay R. Smith, Deputy Attorney General, State of Idaho, Boise, ID, for defendant-intervenor-appellant State of Idaho.
Todd D. True and Stephen D. Mashuda, Earthjustice, Seattle, WA; Daniel J. Rohlf, Pacific Environmental Advocacy Center, Portland, OR, for plaintiffs-appellees National Wildlife Federation.
Hardy Myers, Attorney General, Mary H. Williams, Solicitor General, David E. Leith, Assistant Attorney General, and Stephen K. Bushong, State of Oregon, Salem, OR, for plaintiff-intervenor-appellee State of Oregon.
Koward G. Arnett, Karnopp Petersen, LLP, Bend, OR; David J. Cummings, Nez Perce Tribe, Lapwai, ID; Christopher B. Leahy, Fredericks, Pelcyger & Hester, LLC, Louisville, CO; Tim Weaver, Law Offices of Tim Weaver, Yakima, WA, for amici curiae Treaty Tribes.
Robert D. Thornton and Paul S. Weiland, Nossaman, Guthner, Knox & Elliott, LLP, Irvine, CA, for amicus curiae National Association of Homebuilders. Rob McKenna, Attorney General, and Michael S. Grossman, Assistant Attorney General, State of Washington, Olympia, WA, for amicus curiae State of Washington.
John C. Bruning, Attorney General, David D. Cookson, Assistant Attorney General, State of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; Thomas R. Wilmoth, Special Assistant Attorney General, Fennemore Craig, P.C., Lincoln, NE, for amicus curiae State of Nebraska.
James L. Buchal, Murphy & Buchal LLP, Portland, OR, for amicus curiae Columbia Snake River Irrigators Association.
Russell C. Brooks, Bellevue, WA; M. Reed Hopper and Scott A. Sommerdorf, Pacific Legal Foundation, Sacramento, CA, for amicus curiae Washington Farm Bureau Federation.
Before: A. WALLACE TASHIMA, SIDNEY R. THOMAS, and RICHARD A. PAEZ, Circuit Judges.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
AMENDED OPINION
THOMAS, Circuit Judge:
OPINION
These consolidated appeals bring us once more to the Pacific Northwest, for another round in the complex and long-running battle over salmon and steelhead listed under the Endangered Species Act ("ESA"), 16 U.S.C. §§ 1531-1544. In this ESA action brought by the National Wildlife Federation and other plaintiffs (collectively "NWF"), we consider a...
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