U.S. v. CRUZ-ARROYO

No. 05-1681.

461 F.3d 69 (2006)

UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Jose Gerardo CRUZ-ARROYO, Defendant, Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

Decided August 24, 2006.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Rafael F. Castro Lang, for appellant.

Jacqueline D. Novas, Assistant United States Attorney, with whom H.S. García, United States Attorney, and Nelson Pérez-Sosa, Assistant United States Attorney (Senior Appellate Attorney), were on brief, for appellee.

Before SELYA, LIPEZ and HOWARD, Circuit Judges.


SELYA, Circuit Judge.

Following a lengthy trial, a petit jury convicted defendant-appellant Jose Gerardo Cruz-Arroyo on four counts involving Hobbs Act extortion and related money laundering. In this venue, the appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence and the constitutionality of convictions based mainly on evidence neither identified in the indictment nor previewed before the grand jury. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

Because the appellant...

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