Karen ADLER, individually, and as Next Friend of the Minor, Leslie Adler, and all others similarly situated, Laura Jaffa, individually and all others similarly situated, Robin Zion, individually and all others similarly situated, Robin Rand, individually and as Next Friend of the minor, Doug Rand, and all others, similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Appellants,
v.
DUVAL COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD, Larry Zenke, in his official capacity as Superintendent of the Duval County Public School District, Don Buckley, in his official capacity as member of the Duval County School Board, Stan Jordan, in his official capacity as member of the Duval County School Board, Nancy Corwin, in her official capacity as member of the Duval County School Board, et al., Defendants-Appellees,
Student Coalition for Free Speech, American Jewish Congress, Amici,
Sharon Green, as parent and next friend of Jennifer Green, minor child, and Joshua Green, minor child, Linda Muhlbauer, as parent and next friend of Mandy Muhlbauer, minor child, and Mark Muhlbauer, minor child, Linda Gaston, parent and next friend of Matthew Gaston, minor child, Rhonda Sellers, parent and next friend of Steven Sellers, minor child, et al., Intervenors-Defendants.
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
May 6, 1997.
May 6, 1997.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
D. Gray Thomas, William J. Sheppard, Sheppard & White, P.A., Jacksonville, FL, for Plaintiffs-Appellants.
Jessica Smith, Washington, DC, for amicus National Pearl.
Marc D. Stern, New York City, for amicus American Jewish Congress & National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Counsel.
Stephen M. Durden, Jacksonville, FL, for Defendants-Appellees.
Frederick H. Nelson, Mathew D. Staver, Orlando, FL, for Intervenors-Defendants-Appellees Sharon Green, et al.
Mitchell A. Stone, Jacksonville, FL, Jay A. Sekulow, Washington, DC, for American Jewish Congress (amicus in District Court).
Steven T. McFarland, Center for Law & Religious Freedom, Annandale, VA, for amicus Christian Legal Society.
Before TJOFLAT and COX, Circuit Judges, and VINING, Senior District Judge.
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.
TJOFLAT, Circuit Judge:
Appellants are four former high school students1 in the Duval County, Florida, school system who brought this action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (1994), alleging that a Duval County school policy permitting student-initiated prayer at high school graduation ceremonies (the "policy") violated their rights under the First and Fourteenth Amendments.2 They named as defendants the Duval County...
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