HAALAND v. BRACKEEN

No. 21-376, No. 21-377 No. 21-378 No. 21-380.

143 S.Ct. 1609 (2023)

599 U.S. 255

Deb HAALAND, Secretary of the Interior, et al., Petitioners v. Chad Everet BRACKEEN, et al. Cherokee Nation, et al., Petitioners v. Chad Everet Brackeen, et al. Texas, Petitioner v. Deb Haaland, Secretary of the Interior, et al. Chad Everet Brackeen, et al., Petitioners v. Deb Haaland, Secretary of the Interior, et al.

Supreme Court of United States.

Decided June 15, 2023.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Matthew D. McGill , Washington, D.C., for Chad Everet Brackeen, et al.

Solicitor General Judd E. Stone, II for Texas, by Mr. Deputy Solicitor General Edwin S. Kneedler , for the federal parties.

Ian H. Gershengorn , Washington, DC, for the tribal parties.

Elizabeth B. Prelogar , Solicitor General, Counsel of Record, Todd Kim , Assistant Attorney General, Edwin S. Kneedler , Deputy Solicitor General, Frederick Liu , Christopher G. Michel , Assistants to the Solicitor General, Samuel C. Alexander , Amber Blaha , Rachel Heron , Attorneys, Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., Robert T. Anderson , Solicitor, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., Samuel R. Bagenstos , General Counsel, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C., for Federal Parties.

Ashley E. Johnson , Todd W. Shaw , Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, 2001 Ross Avenue, Dallas, TX, Mark D. Fiddler , Fiddler Osband, LLC, 5200 Willson Rd., Ste. 150, Edina, MN, Matthew D. McGill , Counsel of Record, Lochlan F. Shelfer , David W. Casazza , Aaron Smith , Robert A. Batista , Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, 1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C., Counsel for Individual Petitioners, Additional Captions Listed on Inside Cover,

Ken Paxton , Attorney General of Texas, Brent Webster , First Assistant Attorney General, Judd E. Stone II , Solicitor General, Counsel of Record, Lanora C. Pettit , Principal Deputy Solicitor General, Kathryn M. Cherry , Beth Klusmann , Assistant Solicitors General, Office of the Attorney General, P.O. Box 12548 (MC 059), Austin, Texas, for Petitioner.

Kathryn E. Fort , Michigan State Univ., College of Law, Indian Law Clinic, 648 N. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI, Ian Heath Gershengorn , Counsel of Record, Keith M. Harper , Matthew S. Hellman , Zachary C. Schauf , Leonard R. Powell , Victoria Hall-Palerm , Kevin J. Kennedy , Jenner & Block LLP, 1099 New York Ave., NW, Suite 900, Washington, DC, Counsel for Cherokee Nation, Oneida Nation, and Morongo Band of Mission Indians Additional Counsel on Inside Cover.

David A. Strauss , Sarah M. Konsky , Jenner & Block, Supreme Court and, Appellate Clinic At, the University of, Chicago Law School, 1111 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL, Counsel for Cherokee Nation, Oneida Nation, and Morongo Band of Mission Indians.

Adam H. Charnes , Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP, 2001 Ross Ave., Suite 4400, Dallas, TX, Rob Roy Smith , Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP, 1420 Fifth Ave., Suite 3700, Seattle, WA, Counsel for Quinault Indian Nation.

Jeffrey L. Fisher , Stanford Law School, Supreme Court, Litigation Clinic, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, CA, Ephraim A. McDowell , O'Melveny & Myers LLP, 1625 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC, Doreen N. McPaul , Attorney General, Paul Spruhan , Assistant Attorney, General, Louis Mallette , Colleen Silversmith , Sage Metoxen , Aidan Graybill , Navajo Nation , Department of Justice, Post Office Box 2010, Window Rock, AZ, Counsel for Navajo Nation.


This case is about children who are among the most vulnerable: those in the child welfare system. In the usual course, state courts apply state law when placing children in foster or adoptive homes. But when the child is an Indian, a federal statute—the Indian Child Welfare Act—governs...

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