EL KOUSSA v. ATTORNEY GENERAL

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

M. Patrick Moore, Jr. ( Sarah K. Grossnickle , of Maine, & Thomas O. Bean also present) for the plaintiffs.

Jesse M. Boodoo , Assistant Attorney General, for the Attorney General.

Thaddeus Heuer ( Andrew M. London & Seth Reiner also present) for the interveners.

The following submitted briefs for amici curiae:

Sarah David Heydemann & Sunu P. Chandy , of the District of Columbia, Rebecca G. Pontikes , & Lori A. Jodoin for National Women's Law Center & others.

Lydia Edwards for Matahari Women Workers' Center.

Michael J. Holecek , of California, & Joshua S. Lipshutz for Jon Paul Prunier & others.

John Pagliaro & Daniel B. Winslow for New England Legal Foundation.

Gary J. Lieberman for Chamber of Progress.

Kevin P. Martin & William E. Evans for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America.

Sally Dworak-Fisher & Matthew J. Ginsburg , of the District of Columbia, & Audrey Richardson for American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations & others.

Michael J. Adame , of California, Elsa C.W. Haag , of Oregon, & Jonathan B. Miller for Public Rights Project & others.

Shannon Liss-Riordan & Anastasia Doherty for Massachusetts Employment Lawyers Association.

Adam Cederbaum , Corporation Counsel, & Randall Maas , Assistant Corporation Counsel, for city of Boston.

Harold P. Naughton for Massachusetts Budget and Policy Center.

Jennifer G. Miller for William Good & others.

Present: Budd, C.J., Gaziano, Lowy, Cypher, Kafker, Wendlandt, & Georges, JJ.