Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
W. Scott Zanzig (argued), Dayton P. Reed , Timothy Longfield , and Brian V. Church , Deputy Attorneys General; Lincoln D. Wilson ; Steven L. Olsen , Chief of Civil Litigation Division; Brian Kane , Assistant Chief Deputy; Lawrence G. Wasden , Attorney General; Boise, Idaho, for Defendants-Appellants.
Kristen K. Waggoner , John J. Bursch , and Christiana M. Holcomb , Alliance Defending Freedom, Washington, D.C.; Bruce D. Skaug and Raul R. Labrador , Skaug Law PC, Nampa, Idaho; Roger G. Brooks , Alliance Defending Freedom, Scottsdale, Arizona; Christopher P. Schandevel , Alliance Defending Freedom, Ashburn, Virginia; Cody S. Barnett , Alliance Defending Freedom, Lansdowne, Virginia; for Intervenors-Appellants.
Andrew Barr (argued), Cooley LLP, Broomfield, Colorado; Chase Strangio and James D. Esseks , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, New York; Richard Eppink and Dina M. Flores-Brewer , American Civil Liberties Union of Idaho Foundation, Boise, Idaho; Elizabeth Prelogar , Cooley LLP, Washington, D.C.; Catherine West , Legal Voice, Seattle, Washington; Kathleen R. Hartnett , Cooley LLP, San Francisco, California; Selim Aryn Star , Star Law Office PLLC, Hailey, Idaho; for Plaintiffs-Appellees.
Lauren R. Adams , Women's Liberation Front, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae Women's Liberation Front.
James A. Campbell , Solicitor General; David T. Bydalek , Chief Deputy Attorney General; Douglas J. Peterson , Attorney General of Nebraska; Nebraska Attorney General's Office, Lincoln, Nebraska; for Amici Curiae States of Nebraska, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia.
Kara Dansky , Women's Human Rights Campaign — USA, Medford, Oregon, for Amicus Curiae Women's Human Rights Campaign — USA.
Randall L. Wenger , Independence Law Center, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; Gary S. McCaleb , Flagstaff, Arizona; for Amici Curiae Medical Professionals in Support of Interveners-Appellants and Urging Reversal.
Thomas E. Chandler , Matthew J. Donnelly , and Elizabeth Hecker , Attorneys; Alexander V. Maugeri , Deputy Assistant Attorney General; Eric S. Dreiband , Assistant Attorney General; United States Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Appellate Section, Washington, D.C.; Candice Jackson and Farnaz F. Thompson , Deputy General Counsels; Reed R. Rubinstein , Principal Deputy General Counsel; United States Department of Education, Office of the General Counsel, Washington, D.C.; Peter L. Wucetich , Assistant United States Attorney; Bart M. Davis , United States Attorney; Boise, Idaho; for Amicus Curiae United States.
Edward M. Wenger , Tallahassee, Florida, for Amicus Curiae Sandra Bucha, Linda Blade, Vicki Huber-Rudawsky, Inga Thompson, Maria Blower, and Rebecca Dussault.
Chris N. Ryder and Gail Hammer , Lincoln LGBTQ+ Rights Clinic, Spokane, Washington, for Amicus Curiae Lincoln LGBTQ+ Rights Clinic.
Jessica L. Ellsworth , Kaitlyn A. Golden , Danielle D. Stempel , Nel-Sylvia Guzman , and Ray Li , Hogan Lovells US LLP, Washington, D.C.; Fatima G. Graves , Emily Martin , Sunu Chandy , Neena Chaudhry , Shiwali Patel , and Cassandra Mensah , National Women's Law Center, Washington, D.C.; Jon Greenbaum , David Hinojosa , and Bryanna A. Jenkins , Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae National Women's Law Center, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law and 60 Additional Organizations.
Carl S. Charles , Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc., Atlanta, Georgia; Paul D. Castillo , Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc., Dallas, Texas; Diana Flynn and Omar Gonzalez-Pagan , Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc., New York, New York; Sasha Buchert , Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc., Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae 176 Athletes in Women's Sports, The Women's Sports Foundation, and Athlete Ally in Support of Plaintiffs-Appellees and Affirmance.
Jonah M. Knobler , Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler LLP, New York, New York, for Amicus Curiae interACT: Advocates for Intersex Youth.
Jesse R. Loffler , Cozen O' Connor , for Amici Curiae Transgender Women Athletes.
Aaron M. Panner , Kellogg Hansen Todd Figel & Frederick PLLC, Washington, D.C.; Scott B. Wilkens , Wiley Rein LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae American Academy of Pediatrics, American Medical Association, American Psychiatric Association, and 10 Additional Healthcare Organizations.
Adam R. Tarosky , Seth D. Levy , and Sarah E. Andre , Nixon Peabody LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Amicus Curiae Three Former Idaho Attorneys General.
Matthew D. Benedetto , Thomas F. Costello , William Cutler Pickering , Hale and Dorr LLP, Los Angeles, California; Adam M. Cambier and Alison Burton , Wilmer Cutler Pickering , Hale and Dorr LLP, Boston, Massachusetts; for Amici Curiae Teammates, Coaches, and Allies of Transgender Athletes.
Angela R. Vicari , Rosalyn Richter , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, New York, New York; Kirk Jenkins , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, San Francisco, California; for Amici Curiae Altria Group Inc., Amalgamated Bank, Asana Inc., Ben and Jerry's Homemade Inc., Lush Cosmetics LLC, Nike Inc., and The Burton Corporation.
Kaliko`onalani D. Fernandes , Deputy Solicitor General of Counsel; Kimberly T. Guidry , Solicitor General; Clare E. Connors , Attorney General of Hawaii; Honolulu, Hawaii; Linda Fang , Assistant Solicitor General of Counsel; Anisha S. Dasgupta , Deputy Solicitor General; Barbara D. Underwood , Solicitor General; Letitia James , Attorney General, State of New York; New York, New York; Xavier Becerra , California Attorney General, Sacramento, California; Philip J. Weiser , Colorado Attorney General, Denver, Colorado; William Tong , Connecticut Attorney General, Hartford, Connecticut; Kathleen Jennings , Delaware Attorney General, Wilmington, Delaware; Kwame Raoul , Illinois Attorney General, Chicago, Illinois; Aaron M. Frey , Maine Attorney General, August, Maine; Brian E. Frosh , Maryland Attorney General, Baltimore, Maryland; Maura Healey , Commonwealth of Massachusetts Attorney General, Boston, Massachusetts; Keith Ellison , Minnesota Attorney General, St. Paul, Minnesota; Aaron D. Ford , Nevada Attorney General, Carson City, Nevada; Gurbir S. Grewal , New Jersey Attorney General, Trenton, New Jersey; Hector Balderas , New Mexico Attorney General, Santa Fe, New Mexico; Joshua E. Stein , North Carolina Attorney General, Raleigh, North Carolina; Ellen F. Rosenblum , Oregon Attorney General, Salem, Oregon; Joshua Shapiro , Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Attorney General, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Peter F. Neronha , Rhode Island Attorney General, Providence, Rhode Island; Thomas J. Donovan, Jr. , Vermont Attorney General, Montpelier, Vermont; Mark R. Herring , Commonwealth of Virginia Attorney General, Richmond, Virginia; Robert W. Ferguson , Washington Attorney General, Olympia, Washington; Karl A. Racine , District of Columbia Attorney General, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae States of New York, Hawai`i, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, and the District of Columbia.
Susan B. Manning , Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders and the National Center for Lesbian Rights.
Abbey J. Hudson , Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Amicus Curiae The Trevor Project Inc.
Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge Christen
