NAT'L SHOOTING SPORTS FOUND. v. ATTORNEY GENERAL

No. 23-1214.

80 F.4th 215 (2023)

NATIONAL SHOOTING SPORTS FOUNDATION v. ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW JERSEY, Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.

Filed: August 17, 2023.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Timothy Sheehan , Michael L. Zuckerman [ARGUED], Office of Attorney General of New Jersey, 25 Market Street, Richard J. Hughes Justice Complex, Box 080, Trenton, NJ 08625, Counsel for Appellant.

Eric A. Tirschwell , Everytown Law, 450 Lexington Avenue, P.O. Box 4148, New York, NY 10017, Counsel for Amici Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, and Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.

Sarah A. Hunger , Office of Attorney General of Illinois, 100 W. Randolph Street, 12th Floor, Chicago, IL 60601, Counsel for Amici Illinois, California, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawai'i, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin.

Timothy M. Haggerty , Rupita Chakraborty , Alexandra G. Elenowitz-Hess , Friedman Kaplan Seiler Adelman & Robbins, 7 Times Square, 28th Floor, New York, NY 10036, Counsel for Amicus Legal Scholars.

James P. Davy , All Rise Law, P.O. Box 15216, Philadelphia, PA 19125, Counsel for Amicus Ryan Busse.

Gretchen A. Pickering , Cape May County Office of Prosecutor, 4 Moore Road, DN-110, Cape May Court House, NJ 08210, Counsel for Amicus County Prosecutor's Association of New Jersey.

Paul D. Clement , Erin E. Murphy [ARGUED], Clement & Murphy, 706 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA 22314, Counsel for Appellee.

Joshua N. Turner , Office of Attorney General of Idaho, 514 W. Jefferson Street, P.O. Box 83720, Boise, ID 83720, Counsel for Amici Idaho, Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, West Virginia, and Wyoming.

David B. Kopel , Independence Institute, 727 East 16th Avenue, Denver, CO 80203, Counsel for Amicus Independence Institute.

Before: HARDIMAN, BIBAS, and FREEMAN, Circuit Judges.


OPINION OF THE COURT

Federal courts are not forecasters. The Constitution limits our jurisdiction to disputes that have ripened fully. We may not prejudge hypothetical cases or offer legal advice. Instead, parties must first be injured before coming to us for redress. Only then do we react. When constitutional rights...

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