UNITED STATES v. BIRD

No. 22-10947.

79 F.4th 1344 (2023)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Zachary BIRD, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.

Filed: August 17, 2023.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Holly Lynn Gershow , U.S. Attorney Service — Middle District of Florida, U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney's Office, Tampa, FL, for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Alex Reed Stavrou , Alex R. Stavrou, PA, Tampa, FL, for Defendant-Appellant.

Before Wilson, Newsom, and Lagoa, Circuit Judges.


Congress enacted the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970 (commonly referred to as the Bank Secrecy Act) to prevent individuals engaged in criminal conduct from utilizing financial institutions as intermediaries. See 31 U.S.C. § 5311; Ratzlaf v. United States, 510 U.S. 135...

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