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PLANNED PARENTHOOD FED'N OF AMERICA v. NEWMAN

No. 20-16068, No. 20-16070, No. 20-16773, No. 20-16820.

51 F.4th 1125 (2022)

PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION OF AMERICA, INC.; Planned Parenthood: Shasta-Diablo, Inc., dba Planned Parenthood Northern California; Planned Parenthood Mar Monte, Inc.; Planned Parenthood of the Pacific Southwest; Planned Parenthood Los Angeles; Planned Parenthood/Orange and San Bernardino Counties, Inc.; Parenthood California Central Coast, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Pasadena and San Gabriel Valley, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Center for Choice; Planned Parenthood of the Rocky Mountains; Planned Parenthood Gulf Coast, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Troy NEWMAN, Defendant-Appellant, and Center for Medical Progress; BioMax Procurement Services, LLC; David Daleiden, aka Robert Daoud Sarkis; Albin Rhomberg; Sandra Susan Merritt, aka Susan Tennenbaum; Gerardo Adrian Lopez, Defendants, National Abortion Federation, Intervenor. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc.; Planned Parenthood: Shasta-Diablo, Inc., dba Planned Parenthood Northern California; Planned Parenthood Mar Monte, Inc.; Planned Parenthood of the Pacific Southwest; Planned Parenthood Los Angeles; Planned Parenthood/Orange and San Bernardino Counties, Inc.; Parenthood California Central Coast, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Pasadena and San Gabriel Valley, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Center for Choice; Planned Parenthood of the Rocky Mountains; Planned Parenthood Gulf Coast, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Center for Medical Progress; BioMax Procurement Services, LLC; David Daleiden, aka Robert Daoud Sarkis; Gerardo Adrian Lopez, Defendants-Appellants, and Troy Newman; Albin Rhomberg; Sandra Susan Merritt, aka Susan Tennenbaum, Defendants, National Abortion Federation, Intervenor. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc.; Planned Parenthood: Shasta-Diablo, Inc., dba Planned Parenthood Northern California; Planned Parenthood Mar Monte, Inc.; Planned Parenthood of the Pacific Southwest; Planned Parenthood Los Angeles; Planned Parenthood/Orange and San Bernardino Counties, Inc.; Parenthood California Central Coast, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Pasadena and San Gabriel Valley, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Center for Choice; Planned Parenthood of the Rocky Mountains; Planned Parenthood Gulf Coast, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Albin Rhomberg, Defendant-Appellant, and Center for Medical Progress; BioMax Procurement Services, LLC; David Daleiden, aka Robert Daoud Sarkis; Troy Newman; Sandra Susan Merritt, aka Susan Tennenbaum; Gerardo Adrian Lopez, Defendants, National Abortion Federation, Intervenor. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc.; Planned Parenthood: Shasta-Diablo, Inc., dba Planned Parenthood Northern California; Planned Parenthood Mar Monte, Inc.; Planned Parenthood of the Pacific Southwest; Planned Parenthood Los Angeles; Planned Parenthood/Orange and San Bernardino Counties, Inc.; Parenthood California Central Coast, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Pasadena and San Gabriel Valley, Inc.; Planned Parenthood Center for Choice; Planned Parenthood of the Rocky Mountains; Planned Parenthood Gulf Coast, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Sandra Susan Merritt, aka Susan Tennenbaum, Defendant-Appellant, and Center for Medical Progress; BioMax Procurement Services, LLC; David Daleiden, aka Robert Daoud Sarkis; Troy Newman; Albin Rhomberg; Gerardo Adrian Lopez, Defendants, National Abortion Federation, Intervenor.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed October 21, 2022.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

William C. Perdue (argued) and Meghan C. Martin , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, Washington, D.C.; Avishai D. Don , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, New York, New York; Steven L. Mayer , Sharon D. Mayo , Jeremy T. Kamras , and Matthew R. Diton , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, San Francisco, California; Rhonda R. Trotter and Oscar D. Ramallo , Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, Los Angeles, California; Amy L. Bomse , Rogers Joseph O'Donnell , San Francisco, California; Helene T. Krassnoff , Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Washington, D.C.; Beth Parker , Parker Law & Mediation, Inverness, California; for Plaintiffs-Appellees.

Heather Hacker (argued), Austin, Texas; Erik M. Zimmerman (argued), Edward L. White III , John A. Monaghan , and Christina A. Stierhoff , American Center for Law & Justice; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Catherine W. Short (argued), Life Legal Defense Foundation, Ojai, California; Michael Millen, Law Offices of Michael Millen, Los Gatos, California; Vladimir F. Kozina , Mayall Hurley PC, Stockton, California; Charles S. LiMandri , Paul M. Jonna , Jeffrey M. Trissell , and Milan L. Brandon II , Freedom of Conscience Defense Fund, Rancho Santa Fe, California; Thomas Brejcha , Peter Breen , and Matthew Heffron , Thomas More Society, Chicago, Illinois; Harmeet K. Dhillon and Mark P. Meuser , Dhillon Law Group Inc., San Francisco, California; Nicolaie Cocis , Law Office of Nic Cocis & Associates, Murrieta, California; Horatio G. Mihet , Liberty Counsel, Orlando, Florida; for Defendants-Appellants.

Krysten L. Connon , Licheten & Liss-Riordan PC, Boston, Massachusetts; Susan J. Frietsche , Women's Law Project, Western Pennsylvania Office, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Christine Castro , Women's Law Project, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; for Amici Curiae Feminist Majority Foundation, Physicians for Reproductive Health, and Abortion Care Network.

Erwin Chemerinsky , University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, Berkeley, California, for Amici Curiae Constitutional Law Professors Khiara Bridges, June Carbone, Martha Field, Michele Goodwin, Lisa Ikemoto, Kevin Johnson, Sylvia Law, Burt Neuborne, and Dorothy Roberts.

Kimberly A. Parker , Emily L. Stark , and Aleksandr Sverdlik , Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae California Medical Association and American Medical Association.

Mark Poe and Samuel Song , Gaw Poe LLP, San Francisco, California, for Amici Curiae Journalism Scholars and Journalists.

Matthew J. Geragos , Geragos Law Group, Los Angeles, California for Amicus Curiae Former Orange County, California District Attorney Anthony Rackauckas.

Paul J. Orfanedes and Meredith L. Di Liberto , Judicial Watch Inc., Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae Judicial Watch Inc.

Benjamin Barr , Barr & Klein PLLC, Chicago, Illinois; Stephen Klein , Barr & Klein PLLC, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae Project Veritas and Project Veritas Action Fund.

Catherine G. Foster , Steven H. Aden , Katie Glenn , and Natalie Hejran , Americans United for Life, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae Americans United for Life.

Kristine L. Brown , Denver, Colorado, for Amicus Curiae Live Action.

Justin F. Marceau , University of Denver, Sturm College of Law, Denver, Colorado; Christopher O. Murray and Julian R. Ellis, Jr. , Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck LLP, Denver, Colorado; for Amici Curiae Free Speech Scholars and Animal-Advocacy Organizations.

Drew C. Ensign , Deputy Solicitor General; Brunn W. Roysden III , Solicitor General; Robert J. Makar , Assistant Attorney General; Mark Brnovich , Attorney General; Joseph A. Kanefield , Chief Deputy & Chief of Staff; Office of the Attorney General, Phoenix, Arizona; Steve Marshall , Attorney General, Montgomery, Alabama; Leslie Rutledge , Attorney General, Little Rock, Arkansas; Christopher Carr , Attorney General, Atlanta, Georgia; Lawrence G. Wasden , Attorney General, Boise, Idaho; Todd Rokita , Attorney General, Indianapolis, Indiana; Derek Schmidt , Attorney General, Topeka, Kansas; Daniel Cameron , Attorney General, Frankfort, Kentucky; Jeff Landry , Attorney General, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Lynn Fitch , Attorney General, Jackson, Mississippi; Eric Schmitt , Attorney General, Jefferson City, Missouri; Austin Knudsen , Attorney General, Helena, Montana; Douglas Peterson , Attorney General, Lincoln, Nebraska; Dave Yost , Attorney General, Columbus, Ohio; Mike Hunter , Attorney General, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Alan Wilson , Attorney General, Columbia, South Carolina; Jason Ravnsborg , Attorney General, Pierre, South Dakota; Ken Paxton , Attorney General, Austin, Texas; Sean Reyes , Attorney General, Salt Lake City, Utah; Patrick Morrisey , Attorney General, Charleston, West Virginia; for Amici Curiae Attorneys General of Arizona, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia.

Before: Mary H. Murguia, Chief Judge, Ronald M. Gould, Circuit Judge, and Nancy D. Freudenthal, District Judge.

OPINION

Defendants-Appellants ("Appellants") used fake driver's licenses and a false tissue procurement company as cover to infiltrate conferences that Plaintiffs-Appellees ("Planned Parenthood") hosted or attended. Using the same strategy, Appellants also arranged and attended lunch meetings with Planned Parenthood...

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