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CITY & COUNTY OF HONOLULU v. SUNOCO LP

No. 21-15313, No. 21-15318.

39 F.4th 1101 (2022)

CITY & COUNTY OF HONOLULU, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. SUNOCO LP; Aloha Petroleum, Ltd.; Exxon Mobil Corporation; ExxonMobil Oil Corporation; Shell PLC; Shell USA, Inc.; Shell Oil Products Company LLC; Chevron Corporation; Chevron USA Inc.; BHP Group Limited; BHP PLC; BHP Hawaii Inc.; BP PLC; BP America, Inc.; Marathon Petroleum Corp.; ConocoPhillips; ConocoPhillips Company; Phillips 66 Company; Aloha Petroleum LLC, Defendants-Appellants, and Does, 1 through 100 inclusive, Defendant. County of Maui, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Chevron USA Inc.; Chevron Corporation; Sunoco LP; Aloha Petroleum, Ltd.; Aloha Petroleum LLC; Exxon Mobil Corporation; ExxonMobil Oil Corporation; Shell PLC; Shell USA, Inc.; Shell Oil Products Company LLC; BHP Group Limited; BHP Group PLC; BHP Hawaii Inc.; BP PLC; BP America, Inc.; Marathon Petroleum Corp.; ConocoPhillips; ConocoPhillips Company; Phillips 66 Company, Defendants-Appellants, and Does, 1 through 100 inclusive, Defendant.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Submission Vacated February 22, 2022.

Resubmitted June 29, 2022 Honolulu, Hawaii.

Filed July 7, 2022.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Theodore J. Boutrous Jr. (argued) and William E. Thomson , Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Los Angeles, California; Thomas G. Hungar , Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Defendants-Appellants.

Victor M. Sher (argued), and Matthew K. Edling , Sher Edling LLP, San Francisco, California; Monana M. Lutey , Corporation Counsel; Richelle M. Thomson and Keola R. Whittaker , Deputies Corporation Counsel; Office of the Corporation Counsel, Wailuku, Hawai`i; Dana M.O. Viola , Corporation Counsel; Robert M. Kohn , Nicolette Winter , and Jeff A. Lau , Deputies Corporation Counsel; Office of the Corporation Counsel, Honolulu, Hawai`i; for Plaintiff-Appellee.

William M. Jay and Andrew Kim , Goodwin & Procter LLP, Washington, D.C.; Andrew R. Varcoe and Stephanie A. Maloney , U.S. Chamber Litigation Center, Washington, D.C.; for Amicus Curiae Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America.

Tristan L. Duncan , Shook Hardy & Bacon LLP, Kansas City, Missouri; Tammy Webb , Shook Hardy & Bacon LLP, San Francisco, California; for Amici Curiae General (Retired) Richard B. Myers and Admiral (retired) Michael G. Mullen.

Robert S. Peck , Center for Constitutional Litigation PC, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae National League of Cities, U.S. Conference of Mayors, and International Municipal Lawyers Association.

Daniel P. Mensher and Alison S. Gaffney , Keller Rohrback LLP, Seattle, Washington, for Amici Curiae Robert Brulle, Center for Climate Integrity, Justin Farrell, Benjamin Franta, Stephan Lewandowsky, Naomi Oreskes, Geoffrey Supran, and Union of Concerned Scientists.

William A. Rossbach , Rossbach Law PC, Missoula, Montana, for Amicus Curiae Charles Fletcher.

Michael R. Cruise , Leavitt Yamane & Soldner, Honolulu, Hawai`i; Chase H. Livingston , Honolulu, Hawai`i; for Amici Curiae Legal Scholars.

Miranda C. Steed , Jon S. Jacobs LLLC, Honolulu, Hawai`i, for Amicus Curiae Hawai`i State Association of Counties.

Clare E. Connors , Attorney General; Kimberly T. Guidry , Solicitor General; Ewan C. Rayner and Kaliko`onālani D. Fernandes , Deputy Solicitors General; Department of the Attorney General, Honolulu, Hawai`i; Rob Bonta , Attorney General, Sacramento, California; William Tong , Attorney General, Hartford, Connecticut; Kathleen Jennings , Attorney General, Wilmington, Delaware; Brian E. Frosh , Attorney General, Baltimore, Maryland; Keith Ellison , Attorney General, Saint Paul, Minnesota; Andrew J. Bruck , Acting Attorney General, Trenton, New Jersey; Hector Balderas , Attorney General, Santa Fe, New Mexico; Letitia James , Attorney General, Albany, New York; Ellen F. Rosenblum , Attorney General, Salem, Oregon; Peter F. Neronha , Attorney General, Providence, Rhode Island; Robert W. Ferguson , Attorney General, Olympia, Washington; Maura Healey , Attorney General, Boston, Massachusetts; Karl A. Racine , Attorney General, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae States of Hawai`i, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Washington, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and District of Columbia.

Before: Michael Daly Hawkins, Ryan D. Nelson, and Danielle J. Forrest, Circuit Judges.

OPINION

The City and County of Honolulu and the County of Maui (Plaintiffs) seek to bring climate-related claims against numerous oil and gas companies (Defendants). The question before us has nothing to do with the merits of those claims, but only whether they...

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