BERG v. KINGDOM OF NETHERLANDS

No. 20-1765.

24 F.4th 987 (2022)

Bruce BERG, as an heir to Benjamin Katz, a partner in Firma D. Katz, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. KINGDOM OF the NETHERLANDS; Ministry of Education Culture & Science of the Netherlands; The Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands; Museum Het Rembrandthuis, a/k/a Rembrandt House Museum; Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen; The Frans Hals Museum; The Centraal Museum; Museum Catharijneconvent; The Rijksmuseum; The Rijksmuseum Twenthe; The Dordrechts Museum; Museum De Lakenhal; Museum Gouda; Museum Voor Religieuze Kunst; The Bonnefantenmuseum; Het Noordbrabants Museum; The Limburgs Museum; Paleis Het Loo; Museum Ons' Lieve Heer Op Solder; Stichting Bijbels Museum; Museum Rotterdam; Museum Het Prinsenhof; Historisch Centrum Het Markiezenhof, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided: February 3, 2022.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Daniel Woofter , GOLDSTEIN & RUSSELL, P.C., Bethesda, Maryland, for Appellant. Samuel Batiste Hartzell , WOMBLE BOND DICKINSON (US) LLP, Raleigh, North Carolina; Sarah Erickson Andre , NIXON PEABODY LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Joel M. Androphy , Rebecca Lynne Gibson , BERG & ANDROPHY, Houston, Texas; E. Paul Gibson , E. PAUL GIBSON P.C., North Charleston, South Carolina, for Appellant. Brent F. Powell , WOMBLE BOND DICKINSON (US) LLP, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, for Appellees. Donald I. Baker , Lucy S. Clippinger , BAKER & MILLER PLLC, Washington, D.C., for Appellees Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ministry of Education, Culture & Science of the Netherlands, and Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. Thaddeus J. Stauber , Kristin M. Jamberdino , NIXON PEABODY LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Appellees Museum Het Rembrandthuis, a/k/a Rembrandt House Museum; Museum Boijmans Van Neuningen; Frans Hals Museum; Centraal Museum; Catharijneconvent; Rijksmuseum; Rijksmuseum Twenthe; Dordrechts Museum; Museum de Lakenhal; Museum Gouda; Museum Voor Religieuze Kunst; Bonnefantenmuseum; Het Noordbrabants Museum; Limburgs Museum; Paleis Het Loo; Museum Ons' Lieve Heer Op Solder; Stichting Bijbels Museum; Museum Rotterdam; Museum Het Prinsenhof and Historisch Centrum Het Markiezenhof.

Affirmed by published opinion. Judge Urbanski wrote the opinion, in which Judge Richardson and Judge Quattlebaum joined.


Bruce Berg, a resident of South Carolina, brought suit for recovery of paintings and other works of art taken under duress by the Nazis following the German invasion of the Netherlands in 1940. At the time of the German invasion, Berg's grandfather, Benjamin Katz, was a partner in Firma D. Katz, which owned and operated...

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