DAVES v. DALLAS COUNTY, TEXAS

No. 18-11368.

22 F.4th 522 (2022)

Shannon DAVES; Shakena Walston; Erriyah Banks; Destinee Tovar; Patroba Michieka; James Thompson, On Behalf of Themselves and All Others Similarly Situated; Faith in Texas; Texas Organizing Project Education Fund, Plaintiffs-Appellants Cross-Appellees, v. DALLAS COUNTY, TEXAS; Ernest White, 194th; Hector Garza, 195th; Raquel Jones, 203rd; Tammy Kemp, 204th; Jennifer Bennett, 265th; Amber Givens-Davis, 282nd; Lela Mays, 283rd; Stephanie Mitchell, 291st; Brandon Birmingham, 292nd; Tracy Holmes, 363rd; Tina Yoo Clinton, Number 1; Nancy Kennedy, Number 2; Gracie Lewis, Number 3; Dominique Collins, Number 4; Carter Thompson, Number 5; Jeanine Howard, Number 6; Chika Anyiam, Number 7 Judges of Dallas County, Criminal District Courts, Defendants-Appellees Cross-Appellants, Marian Brown; Terrie McVea; Lisa Bronchetti; Steven Autry; Anthony Randall; Janet Lusk; Hal Turley, Dallas County Magistrates; Dan Patterson, Number 1; Julia Hayes, Number 2; Doug Skemp, Number 3; Nancy Mulder, Number 4; Lisa Green, Number 5; Angela King, Number 6; Elizabeth Crowder, Number 7; Carmen White, Number 8; Peggy Hoffman, Number 9; Roberto Canas, Jr., Number 10; Shequitta Kelly, Number 11 Judges of Dallas County, Criminal Courts at Law, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.

Filed January 7, 2022.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Alec George Karakatsanis, Esq. , Elizabeth Anne Rossi , Civil Rights Corps, Daniel Volchok , Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, L.L.P., Washington, DC, Brandon Buskey , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, NY, Kali Cohn , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Dallas, TX, Andre Segura , Trisha Trigilio , American Civil Liberties Union of Texas, Houston, TX, Andrea Woods , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Criminal Law Reform Project, Brooklyn, NY, for Plaintiff-Appellant/Cross-Appellee Shannon Daves.

Alec George Karakatsanis, Esq. , Elizabeth Anne Rossi , Civil Rights Corps, Washington, DC, Brandon Buskey , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, NY, Kali Cohn , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Dallas, TX, Andre Segura , Trisha Trigilio , American Civil Liberties Union of Texas, Houston, TX, Andrea Woods , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Criminal Law Reform Project, Brooklyn, NY, for Plaintiffs-Appellants/Cross-Appellees Shakena Walston, Erriyah Banks, Destinee Tovar, Patroba Michieka, and James Thompson.

Alec George Karakatsanis, Esq. , Civil Rights Corps, Washington, DC, Brandon Buskey , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, NY, Kali Cohn , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Dallas, TX, Andrea Woods , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Criminal Law Reform Project, Brooklyn, NY, for Plaintiffs-Appellants/Cross-Appellees Faith in Texas and Texas Organizing Project Education Fund.

Jeffery T. Nobles , Katharine D. David , Benjamin R. Stephens , Husch Blackwell, L.L.P., Houston, TX, for Defendant-Appellee/Cross-Appellant Dallas County, Texas.

Jeffery T. Nobles , Katharine D. David , Benjamin R. Stephens , Husch Blackwell, L.L.P., Houston, TX, for Defendants-Appellees Marian Brown, Terrie McVea, Lisa Bronchetti, Steven Autry, Anthony Randall, Janet Lusk, Hal Turley, Dallas County Magistrates, Dan Patterson, Number 1, Julia Hayes, Number 2, Doug Skemp, Number 3, Nancy Mulder, Number 4, Lisa Green, Number 5, Angela King, Number 6, Elizabeth Crowder, Number 7, Carmen White, Number 8, Peggy Hoffman, Number 9, Roberto Canas, Jr., Number 10, and Shequitta Kelly, Number 11 Judges of Dallas County, Criminal Courts at Law.

Judd Edward Stone, II , Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Solicitor General, William Francis Cole, Esq. , Lanora Christine Pettit , Natalie Deyo Thompson , Office of the Attorney General of Texas, Office of the Solicitor General, Austin, TX, for Defendants-Appellees/Cross-Appellants Ernest White, 194th, Hector Garza, 195th, Raquel Jones, 203rd, Tammy Kemp, 204th, Jennifer Bennett, 265th, Lela Mays, 283rd, Stephanie Mitchell, 291st, Tracy Holmes, 363rd, Dominique Collins, Number 4, Carter Thompson, Number 5, Jeanine Howard, Number 6, and Chika Anyiam, Number 7 Judges of Dallas County, Criminal District Courts.

Judd Edward Stone , II, Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Solicitor General, Austin, TX, Jeffrey Mark Tillotson , Tillotson Law, Dallas, TX, for Defendants-Appellees/Cross-Appellants Amber Givens-Davis, 282nd and Brandon Birmingham, 292nd.

Judd Edward Stone, II , Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Solicitor General, Austin, TX, Jeffrey Mark Tillotson , Tillotson Law, Dallas, TX, for Defendants-Appellees/Cross-Appellants Nancy Kennedy, Number 2 and Tina Yoo Clinton, Number 1.

Jared Brandon Caplan , Bradley Arant Boult Cummings, L.L.P., Houston, TX, Rachel Ann Conry , Attorney, James Bradley Robertson , Bradley Arant Boult Cummings, L.L.P., Birmingham, AL, Candice Leigh Rucker , Mississippi Attorney General's Office, Jackson, MS, for Amici Curiae National Association Of Pretrial Service Agencies, Pretrial Justice Institute, and National Association For Public Defense.

Jeremy David Wright , Kator, Parks & Weiser, P.L.L.C., Austin, TX, for Amici Curiae Bruce Western, Brielle Bryan , Christopher Uggen , Christopher Wildeman , Christopher Muller , Devah Pager , John Hagan , and Michael A. Stoll , Michael A. Stoll , John H. Laub , David J. Harding , Holly Foster , Sandra Susan Smith , Harry J. Holzer , Peter B. Edelman , Jeffrey Fagan , Kristin Turney , John J. Donohue, III , Jeffrey Morenoff , Bernard Harcourt , Paul Heaton , Jacob Goldin , Becky Pettit , Alexes Harris , Forrest Stuart , and Megan Stevenson .

Thomas Phillip Brandt , Laura Dahl O'Leary , John Francis Roehm, III, Esq. , Fanning Harper Martinson Brandt & Kutchin, P.C., Dallas, TX, for Amici Curiae Texas Association of Counties and Texas Conference of Urban Counties.

Brianne Jenna Gorod , Constitutional Accountability Center, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae Constitutional Accountability Center.

Jay Remington Schweikert , Cato Institute, Washington, DC, for Amici Curiae Americans for Prosperity Foundation, Cato Institute, Clause 40 Foundation, Due Process Institute, and Shon Hopwood.

Thomas Royal Phillips , Janet Martini Himmel , Mary Margaret Steinle , Baker Botts, L.L.P., Austin, TX, for Amicus Curiae Conference of Chief Justices.

Patrick B. McIntire , Oats & Marino, Lafayette, LA, for Amicus Curiae Mark T. Garber.

Mary B. McCord, Esq. , Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC, for Amici Curiae Current and Former Prosecutors, Department of Justice Officials, Law Enforcement Officials, and Judges.

Paul M. Kerlin , Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, L.L.P., Jonathan L. Marcus, Esq. , Reed Smith, L.L.P., Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae Clergy and Religious Leaders.

Alisa Philo , Erin Helene Flynn, Esq. , U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Div — Appellate Section, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae United States of America.

Kellen Funk , Columbia University, School of Law, New York, NY, for Amicus Curiae National Law Professors of Criminal, Procedural, and Constitutional Law.

Lindsay Claire Harrison , Jenner & Block, L.L.P., Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae American Bar Association.

Before Owen, Chief Judge, and Jones, Smith, Stewart, Dennis, Elrod, Southwick, Haynes, Graves, Higginson, Costa, Willett, Ho, Duncan, Engelhardt, and Wilson, Circuit Judges.


This opinion partially resolves an interlocutory appeal of a preliminary injunction. Not everything in this opinion is unfinished, though. Two rulings now are to VACATE...

Let's get started

Leagle.com

Welcome to the leading source of independent legal reporting
Sign on now to see your case.
Or view more than 10 million decisions and orders.

  • Updated daily.
  • Uncompromising quality.
  • Complete, Accurate, Current.

Listed below are the cases that are cited in this Featured Case. Click the citation to see the full text of the cited case. Citations are also linked in the body of the Featured Case.

Cited Cases

  • No Cases Found

Listed below are those cases in which this Featured Case is cited. Click on the case name to see the full text of the citing case.

Citing Cases