Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
ON EMERGENCY MOTION TO DISSOLVE STAY AND REPLY: Sarah E. Harrington , Michael S. Raab , Adam C. Jed , Brian J. Springer , Martin Totaro , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Respondents. IN RESPONSE: R. Trent McCotter , BOYDEN GRAY & ASSOCIATES, Washington, D.C., for Job Creators Network Petitioners. Felicia K. Watson , NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HOME BUILDERS OF THE UNITED STATES, Washington, D.C., for Petitioner National Association of Home Builders of the United States. Christopher Wiest , CHRIS WIEST, ATTORNEY AT LAW, PLLC, Crestview Hills, Kentucky, for Petitioner Betten Chevrolet, Inc. Harold Craig Becker , AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR AND CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS, Washington, D.C., Peter J. Ford , UNITED FOOD & COMMERCIAL WORKERS INTERNATIONAL UNION, Washington, D.C., Randy Rabinowitz , OSH LAW PROJECT, LLC, Washington, D.C., Andrew D. Roth , BREDHOFF & KAISER, PLLC, Washington, D.C., Nicole Berner , SERVICE EMPLOYEES INTERNATIONAL UNION, Washington, D.C., Keith R. Bolek , O'DONOGHUE & O'DONOGHUE LLP, Washington, D.C., Victoria L. Bor , SHERMAN DUNN, P.C., Washington, D.C., for Petitioner Union of American Physicians and Dentists. Cathleen A. Martin , John A. Ruth , NEWMAN, COMLEY & RUTH, P.C., Jefferson City, Missouri, for MFA Incorporated Petitioners. Benjamin M. Flowers , May Davis , OFFICE OF THE OHIO ATTORNEY GENERAL, Columbus, Ohio, Christopher L. Thacker , Lindsey R. Keiser , OFFICE OF THE KENTUCKY ATTORNEY GENERAL, Frankfort, Kentucky, Clark L. Hildabrand , Brandon J. Smith , OFFICE OF THE TENNESSEE ATTORNEY GENERAL, Nashville, Tennessee, Brian Kane , Leslie M. Hayes , Megan A. Larrondo , OFFICE OF THE IDAHO ATTORNEY GENERAL, Boise, Idaho, Jeffrey A. Chanay , OFFICE OF THE KANSAS ATTORNEY GENERAL, Topeka, Kansas, Mithun Mansinghani , OFFICE OF THE OKLAHOMA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Lindsay S. See , OFFICE OF THE WEST VIRGINIA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Charleston, West Virginia, Edmund G. LaCour Jr. , OFFICE OF THE ALABAMA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Montgomery, Alabama, Charles E. Brasington , OFFICE OF THE ALASKA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Anchorage, Alaska, Drew C. Ensign , OFFICE OF THE ARIZONA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Phoenix, Arizona, D. John Sauer , OFFICE OF THE MISSOURI ATTORNEY GENERAL, Jefferson City, Missouri, David M. S. Dewhirst , Christian B. Corrigan , OFFICE OF THE MONTANA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Helena, Montana, Nicholas J. Bronni , Vincent M. Wagner , OFFICE OF THE ARKANSAS ATTORNEY GENERAL, Little Rock, Arkansas, Henry C. Whitaker , Jason H. Hilborn , OFFICE OF THE FLORIDA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Tallahassee, Florida, James A. Campbell , OFFICE OF THE NEBRASKA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Lincoln, Nebraska, Anthony J. Galdieri , OFFICE OF THE NEW HAMPSHIRE ATTORNEY GENERAL, Concord, New Hampshire, Matthew A. Sagsveen , OFFICE OF THE NORTH DAKOTA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Bismarck, North Dakota, Ross W. Bergethon , OFFICE OF THE GEORGIA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Atlanta, Georgia, Thomas M. Fisher , OFFICE OF THE INDIANA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Indianapolis, Indiana, Thomas T. Hydrick , OFFICE OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Columbia, South Carolina, Samuel P. Langholz , OFFICE OF THE IOWA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Des Moines, Iowa, Elizabeth B. Murrill , OFFICE OF THE LOUISIANA ATTORNEY GENERAL, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Judd E. Stone II , William F. Cole , Ryan S. Baasch , OFFICE OF THE TEXAS ATTORNEY GENERAL, Austin, Texas, Melissa A. Holyoak , OFFICE OF THE UTAH ATTORNEY GENERAL, Salt Lake City, Utah, John V. Coghlan , OFFICE OF THE MISSISSIPPI ATTORNEY GENERAL, Jackson, Mississippi, Ryan Schelhaas , OFFICE OF THE WYOMING ATTORNEY GENERAL, Cheyenne, Wyoming, for State Petitioners. Michael E. Toner , Thomas M. Johnson, Jr. , Stephen J. Obermeier , Jeremy J. Broggi , Krystal B. Swendsboe , WILEY REIN LLP, Washington, D.C., for Petitioner Republican National Committee. Daniel P. Lennington , WISCONSIN INSTITUTE FOR LAW & LIBERTY, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for Tankcraft Petitioners. Matthew R. Miller , Robert Henneke , Chance Weldon , Nathan Curtisi , TEXAS PUBLIC POLICY FOUNDATION, Austin, Texas, for Burnett Specialists Petitioners. John Stone Campbell III , John P. Murrill , TAYLOR, PORTER, BROOKS, & PHILLIPS L.L.P., Baton Rouge, Louisiana, for Cox Operating Petitioners. Jessica Hart Steinmann , Josh Campbell , Rachel Jag , AMERICA FIRST POLICY INSTITUTE, Washington, D.C., Kris W. Kobach , ALLIANCE FOR FREE CITIZENS, Lecompton, Kansas, for DTN Staffing Petitioners. Daniel R. Suhr , M. E. Buck Dougherty III , LIBERTY JUSTICE CENTER, Chicago, Illinois, Sarah Harbison , PELICAN INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY, New Orleans, Louisiana, for BST Holdings Petitioners. Kurtis T. Wilder , Joseph E. Richotte , Steven R. Eatherly , BUTZEL LONG, P.C., Detroit, Michigan, for Petitioner Small Business Association of Michigan. Henry M. Perlowski , Ashley S. Kelly , ARNALL GOLDEN GREGORY LLP, Atlanta, Georgia, Richard J. Oparil , ARNALL GOLDEN GREGORY LLP, Washington, D.C., for Petitioner Natural Products Association. Robert Alt , THE BUCKEYE INSTITUTE, Columbus, Ohio, Patrick Strawbridge , CONSOVOY McCARTHY PLLC, Boston, Massachusetts, for Petitioner Phillips Manufacturing & Tower Company. David A. Cortman , John J. Bursch , Matthew S. Bowman , Frank H. Chang , ALLIANCE DEFENDING FREEDOM, Washington, D.C., Ryan L. Bangert , Ryan J. Tucker , ALLIANCE DEFENDING FREEDOM, Scottsdale, Arizona, for Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Petitioners. Jordan A. Sekulow , Abigail A. Southerland , Miles Terry , Christy Stierhoff , AMERICAN CENTER FOR LAW & JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., Edward L. White III , AMERICAN CENTER FOR LAW & JUSTICE, Ann Arbor, Michigan, for Petitioner Heritage Foundation. Steven P. Lehotsky , Scott A. Keller , Michael B. Schon , LEHOTSKY KELLER LLP, Washington, D.C., for Business Association Petitioners. Matthew J. Clark , ALABAMA CENTER FOR LAW AND LIBERTY, Birmingham, Alabama, for FabArc Steel Supply Petitioners. J. Larry Stine , WIMBERLY, LAWSON, STECKEL, SCHNEIDER & STINE, P.C., Atlanta, Georgia, for Associated Builders and Contractors Petitioners. Jeffrey C. Mateer , Hiram S. Sasser III , David J. Hacker , Jeremiah G. Dys , Lea E. Patterson , Keisha T. Russell , FIRST LIBERTY INSTITUTE, Plano, Texas, for Answers in Genesis Petitioners. David A. Cortman , John J. Bursch , Matthew S. Bowman , Frank H. Chang , ALLIANCE DEFENDING FREEDOM, Washington, D.C., Ryan L. Bangert , Ryan J. Tucker , ALLIANCE DEFENDING FREEDOM, Scottsdale, Arizona, Harmeet K. Dhillon , Ronald D. Coleman , Mark P. Meuser , Michael A. Columbo , DHILLON LAW GROUP INC., San Francisco, California, for Petitioner Bentkey Services. Aaron Abadi, New York, New York, pro se. ON AMICUS BRIEF: Brianne Gorod , CONSTITUTIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY CENTER, Washington, D.C., Scott E. Rosenow WMC LITIGATION CENTER, Madison, Wisconsin, Catherine L. Strauss , ICE MILLER LLP, Columbus, Ohio, Sheng Li , NEW CIVIL LIBERTIES ALLIANCE, Washington, D.C., Emmy L. Levens , COHEN MILSTEIN SELLERS & TOLL PLLC, Washington, D.C., Rachel L. Fried , Jessica Anne Morton , Jeffrey B. Dubner , JoAnn Kintz , DEMOCRACY FORWARD FOUNDATION, Washington, D.C., Scott L. Nelson , Allison M. Zieve , PUBLIC CITIZEN LITIGATION GROUP, Washington, D.C., Michael T. Anderson , Adam C. Breihan , MURPHY ANDERSON PLLC, Washington, D.C., Deepak Gupta , GUPTA WESSLER PLLC, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae.
STRANCH, Circuit Judge, delivered the opinion of the court in which GIBBONS, Circuit Judge, joined. GIBBONS, Circuit Judge (pg. 388), delivered a separate concurring opinion. LARSEN, Circuit Judge (pp. 389-401), delivered a separate dissenting opinion.
