Victoria Dorfman , Attorney, Jones Day, Washington, DC, Victoria Powell , Attorney, Jones Day, Atlanta, GA, for Amicus Curiae Robert F. Cochran, Jr.
Kelly J. Shackelford, Esq. , Attorney, First Liberty Institute, Plano, TX, for Amicus Curiae Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.
Kimberlee Wood Colby , Attorney, Center for Law & Religious Freedom, Springfield, VA, for Amicus Curiae Serbian Orthodox Diocese of New Gracanica-Midwestern America.
Sarah M. Harris , Attorney, Williams & Connolly LLP, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention.
Paul E. Harold , Stephen M. Judge , Attorneys, SouthBank Legal: Ladue Curran & Kuehn LLC, South Bend, IN, for Amici Curiae Catholic Conference of Illinois, Indiana Catholic Conference.
John J. Bursch , Attorney, Bursch Law PLLC, Caledonia, MI, Rory Thomas Gray , Attorney, Alliance Defending Freedom, GA Regional Service Center, Lawrenceville, GA, for Amicus Curiae Cardinal Newman Society.
Philip Matthew Kovnat , Attorney, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Diana Katherine Flynn , Attorney, Lambda Legal Defense & Education Fund, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae Catholics for Choice.
Bradley Girard , Attorney, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, for Amicus Curiae Religious Entities, Civil-Rights Organizations, Unions, and Professional Associations.
Before Sykes, Chief Judge, and Flaum, Easterbrook, Kanne, Rovner, Wood, Hamilton, Brennan, St. Eve, and Kirsch, Circuit Judges.
Brennan, Circuit Judge.
The ministerial exception, grounded in the First Amendment's Religion Clauses, protects religious organizations from employment discrimination suits brought by their ministers. The question here is whether this constitutional protection applies to hostile work environment claims based...
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