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HERNÁNDEZ-GOTAY v. UNITED STATES

No. 19-2236, No. 20-1084.

985 F.3d 71 (2021)

Nydia Mercedes HERNÁNDEZ-GOTAY; Faustino Rosario-Rodríguez; Luis Joel Barreto-Barreto; Carlos Quiñones-Figueroa; Laura Green, Plaintiffs, Appellants, Club Gallístico de Puerto Rico, Inc., Plaintiff, and Asociación Cultural y Deportiva del Gallo Fino de Pelea; Ángel Manuel Ortiz-Díaz; John J. Olivares-Yace; Ángel Luis Narváez-Rodríguez; José Miguel Cedeño, Plaintiffs, v. UNITED STATES; United States Department of Agriculture; Sonny Perdue, Secretary of the Department of Agriculture; United States Department of Justice; Jeffrey A. Rosen, Acting Attorney General; Donald J. Trump, President, Defendants, Appellees. Asociación Cultural y Deportiva del Gallo Fino de Pelea; Ángel Manuel Ortiz-Díaz; John J. Olivares-Yace; Ángel Luis Narváez-Rodríguez; José Miguel Cedeño, Plaintiffs, Appellants, and Club Gallístico de Puerto Rico, Inc.; Nydia Mercedes Hernández-Gotay; Faustino Rosario-Rodríguez; Luis Joel Barreto-Barreto; Carlos Quiñones-Figueroa; Laura Green, Plaintiffs, v. United States; United States Department of Agriculture; Sonny Perdue, Secretary of the Department of Agriculture; United States Department of Justice; Jeffrey A. Rosen, Acting Attorney General; Donald J. Trump, President, Defendants, Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

January 14, 2021.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Edwin Prado-Galarza and María A. Domínguez , with whom Rafael Ojeda , Félix Román Carrasquillo , San Juan, PR, and DMRA Law LLC were on briefs, for appellants.

Jeffrey Bossert Clark, Sr. , with whom Ethan P. Davis , Acting Assistant Attorney General, W. Stephen Muldrow , United States Attorney, Abby C. Wright , Attorney, Appellate Staff Civil Division, and John S. Koppel , Attorney, Appellate Staff Civil Division were on brief, for appellees.

Isaías Sánchez-Báez , Solicitor General of Puerto Rico, and Carlos Lugo-Fiol on brief for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, amicus curiae.

Jorge Martínez-Luciano , San Juan, PR, Emil Rodríguez-Escudero , Ponce, PR, and M.L. & R.E. Law Firm on brief for the Puerto Rico Association of Mayors, amicus curiae.

Ana Maria Hernandez Marti and Jessica L. Blome , Berkeley, CA, on brief for Animal Wellness Action, Animal Wellness Foundation, and the Center for a Humane Economy, amici curiae.

Before Howard, Chief Judge, Lynch and Barron, Circuit Judges.

Plaintiffs in these consolidated cases challenge the constitutionality of Section 12616 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 ("Section 12616"), which bans the "sponsor[ship]" and "exhibit[ion]" of cockfighting matches in Puerto Rico. Pub. L. No. 115-334, § 12616, 132 Stat. 4490, 5015-16 (codified as amended at 7...

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