CARLTON & HARRIS CHIROPRACTIC, INC. v. PDR NETWORK

No. 16-2185.

982 F.3d 258 (2020)

CARLTON & HARRIS CHIROPRACTIC, INC., a West Virginia Corporation, individually and as the representative of a class of similarly-situated persons, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. PDR NETWORK, LLC; PDR Distribution, LLC; PDR Equity, LLC; John Does 1-10, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Amicus Supporting Appellant, and Inovalon, Inc., Amicus Supporting Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided: December 7, 2020.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Glenn Lorne Hara , ANDERSON + WANCA, Rolling Meadows, Illinois, for Appellant. Mark B. Stern , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Amicus United States of America. Kwaku A. Akowuah, SIDLEY AUSTIN LLP, Washington, D.C., for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Brian J. Wanca , ANDERSON + WANCA, Rolling Meadows, Illinois; D. Christopher Hedges , David H. Carriger , THE CALWELL PRACTICE PLLC, Charleston, West Virginia, for Appellant. Jeffrey N. Rosenthal , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ana Tagvoryan , BLANK ROME LLP, Los Angeles, California; Marc E. Williams , Robert L. Massie , NELSON, MULLINS, RILEY & SCARBOROUGH LLP, Huntington, West Virginia; Carter G. Phillips , Kathleen Moriarty Mueller , SIDLEY AUSTIN LLP, Washington, D.C., for Appellees. Joseph H. Hunt , Assistant Attorney General, Michael S. Raab , Lindsey Powell , Civil Division, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C.; Michael B. Stuart , United States Attorney, OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY, Charleston, West Virginia; Thomas M. Johnson, Jr. , General Counsel, Ashley S. Boizelle , Deputy General Counsel, Jacob M. Lewis , Associate General Counsel, Scott M. Noveck , FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION, Washington, D.C., for Amicus United States of America. Kamyar Daneshvar , Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary, INOVALON, INC., Bowie, Maryland; Daniel S. Blynn , Elizabeth C. Rinehart , Meryl E. Bartlett , VENABLE LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Inovalon, Inc.

Vacated and remanded by published opinion. Judge Diaz wrote the opinion, in which Judge Harris and Judge Thacker joined.


This case is before us for a second time, and we must once again consider whether the district court erred when it dismissed Carlton & Harris Chiropractic, Inc.'s complaint more than four years ago. Along the case's journey from the district court, through this court, to the United States Supreme Court, and back to this...

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