SWINOMISH INDIAN TRIBAL COMMUNITY v. BNSF RAILWAY

No. 18-35704.

951 F.3d 1142 (2020)

SWINOMISH INDIAN TRIBAL COMMUNITY, a federally recognized Indian Tribe, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BNSF RAILWAY COMPANY, a Delaware corporation, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed March 4, 2020.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Benjamin J. Horwich (argued) and Teresa A. Reed Dippo , Munger Tolles & Olson LLP, San Francisco California; Sarah G. Boyce , Munger Tolles & Olson LLP, Washington, D.C.; Stellman Keehnel , Andrew R. Escobar , and Jeffrey B. DeGroot , DLA Piper LLP (US), Seattle, Washington; for Defendant-Appellant.

Christopher I. Brain (argued) and Chase Alvord , Tousley Brain Stephens PLLC, Seattle, Washington; Stephen T. LeCuyer , Office of the Tribal Attorney, La Conner, Washington; for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Thomas H. Dupree Jr. and David A. Schnitzer , Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Washington, D.C.; Kathryn D. Kirmayer and Timothy J. Strafford , Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C.; for Amicus Curiae Association of American Railroads.

Philip J. Bezanson , Bracewell LLP, Seattle, Washington, for Amicus Curiae Tesoro Refining & Marketing Company LLC.

Jeffrey M. Harris , Consovoy McCarthy Park PLLC, Arlington, Virginia; Allison Starmann , Deputy General Counsel, American Chemistry Council, Washington, D.C.; Richard Moskowitz , General Counsel, American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, Washington, D.C.; Andrew S. Miles , Senior Counsel, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C.; Daryl L. Joseffer and Michael B. Schon , U.S. Chamber Litigation Center, Washington, D.C.; Peter C. Tolsdorf and Leland P. Frost , National Association of Manufacturers, Washington, D.C.; Katie Sweeney , National Mining Association, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae American Chemistry Council, American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, American Petroleum Institute, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, National Association of Manufacturers, and National Mining Association.

Robert W. Ferguson , Attorney General; Julian H. Beattie , Assistant Attorney General; Laura Watson , Senior Assistant Attorney General; Office of the Attorney General, Olympia, Washington; Letitia James , Attorney General, Albany, New York; Ellen F. Rosenblum , Attorney General, Salem, Oregon; for Amici Curiae Washington State, New York, and Oregon.

Jan E. Hasselman and Ashley N. Bennett , Earthjustice, Seattle, Washington, for Amici Curiae Suquamish Tribe, Tulalip Tribes, and Quinault Indian Nation.

Before: Michael Daly Hawkins, William A. Fletcher, and Mark J. Bennett, Circuit Judges.


OPINION

Over one hundred years ago, the predecessor to BNSF Railway Co. ("BNSF") built a railroad line across the Reservation of the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community ("Tribe") without the Tribe's permission. In the 1970s, the Tribe and the United States brought...

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