TEXAS v. UNITED STATES

No. 19-10011.

STATE OF TEXAS; STATE OF ALABAMA; STATE OF ARIZONA; STATE OF FLORIDA; STATE OF GEORGIA; STATE OF INDIANA; STATE OF KANSAS; STATE OF LOUISIANA; STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, by and through Governor Phil Bryant; STATE OF MISSOURI; STATE OF NEBRASKA; STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA; STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA; STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA; STATE OF TENNESSEE; STATE OF UTAH; STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA; STATE OF ARKANSAS; NEILL HURLEY; JOHN NANTZ, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH; HUMAN SERVICES; ALEX AZAR, II, SECRETARY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL REVENUE; CHARLES P. RETTIG, in his Official Capacity as Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Defendants-Appellants, STATE OF CALIFORNIA; STATE OF CONNECTICUT; DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; STATE OF DELAWARE; STATE OF HAWAII; STATE OF ILLINOIS; STATE OF KENTUCKY, ex rel. Andy Beshear, Governor; STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS; STATE OF NEW JERSEY; STATE OF NEW YORK; STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA; STATE OF OREGON; STATE OF RHODE ISLAND; STATE OF VERMONT; STATE OF VIRGINIA; STATE OF WASHINGTON; STATE OF MINNESOTA, Intervenor-Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.

Revised January 9, 2020.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Jack R. Bierig , for Intervenor.

Douglas Neal Letter , for Intervenor.

Jay A. Sekulow , for Intervenor.

Donald B. Verrilli, Jr. , for Intervenor.

August E. Flentje , for Defendant-Appellant.

Beth Bivans Petronio , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Andrew Layton Schlafly , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Corey Francis Finkelmeyer , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Catherine M. Masters , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Robert E. Henneke , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Darren Lee McCarty , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

John T. Kitchens , for Defendant-Appellant.

Matthew S. Hellman , for Defendant-Appellant.

William Jeffrey Olson , for Defendant-Appellant.

Caitlin Joan Halligan , for Defendant-Appellant.

Brett Shumate , for Defendant-Appellant.

Daniel W. Wolff , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Richard Salgado , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Matthew Hamilton Frederick , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Kyle Douglas Hawkins , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Eric A. White , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Matthew Robert McGuire , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Matthew Joseph Berns , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Raffi Melkonian , for Intervenor.

John Allen Eidsmoe , for Intervenor.

Elizabeth Bonnie Wydra , for Intervenor.

Bridget DiBattista , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Hyland Hunt , for Intervenor.

Sean Michael Marotta , for Intervenor.

Pratik A. Shah , for Intervenor.

Jessica Elaine Underwood , for Intervenor.

Joseph R. Palmore , for Intervenor.

Joshua L. Hedrick , for Intervenor.

Maame Gyamfi , for Intervenor.

Z.W. Julius Chen , for Intervenor.

Kristin Ann Shapiro , for Intervenor.

David J. Hacker , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Andrew Bray Davis , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Caroline Van Zile , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Rachel Miller-Ziegler , for Intervenor.

Elaine Goldenberg , for Intervenor.

Michelle Shane Kallen , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Timothy C. Fox , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Peter J. Anthony , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Samuel Siegel , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Kathleen Boergers , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Neli N. Palma , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Nimrod Elias , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Martin Vincent Totaro , for Defendant-Appellant.

Brooks M. Hanner , for Intervenor.

Todd Barry Tatelman , for Intervenor.

Stephen B. Vogel , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Eric Olson , for Intervenor.

Benjamin Battles , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Edward C. DuMont , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Jeffrey T. Sprung , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Heidi Parry Stern , for Intervenor.

Fadwa A. Hammoud , for Intervenor.

Jessica Willey , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Benjamin Michael Flowers , for Intervenor.

Nathanael Blake , for Intervenor.

Robert Tadao Nakatsuji , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Scott H. Ikeda , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Joseph Rubin , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Ashwin Pradyumna Phatak , for Intervenor.

Brianne Gorod , for Intervenor.

Brian Rene Frazelle , for Intervenor.

Michael Qian , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Maria Rose Lenz , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Kimberly Cahall , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

William B. Schultz , for Intervenor.

Margaret Dotzel , for Intervenor.

David Meir Zionts , for Intervenor.

A. Xavier Baker , for Intervenor.

Jaime Santos , for Intervenor.

Benna Ruth Solomon , for Intervenor.

Ginger Anders , for Intervenor.

Jonathan Meltzer , for Intervenor.

Jeremy Kreisberg , for Intervenor.

Lorraine Alofa Van Kirk , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Stuart F. Delery , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Ryan Wolfe Allison , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Kenneth Lee Blalack, II , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Wade Carr , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Paige Jennings , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Nicholas M. DiCarlo , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Munera Al-Fuhaid , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Marie Soueid , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Lanora Christine Pettit , for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Steven Travis Mayo , for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.

Before: KING, ELROD, and ENGELHARDT, Circuit Judges.


The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the Act or ACA) is a monumental piece of healthcare legislation that regulates a huge swath of the nation's economy and affects the healthcare decisions of millions of Americans. The law has been a focal point of our country's political debate since it was passed...

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