SIERRA CLUB v. VIRGINIA ELEC. & POWER CO.

Nos. 17-1895, 17-1952.

903 F.3d 403 (2018)

SIERRA CLUB, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. VIRGINIA ELECTRIC & POWER COMPANY, f/k/a Dominion Virginia Power, d/b/a Dominion Energy Virginia, Defendant-Appellant, and Virginia Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Manufacturers Association, Edison Electric Institute, Utility Water Act Group, and Utility Solid Waste Activities Group, Amici Supporting Appellant, Waterkeeper Alliance, Incorporated; Cape Fear River Watch; Catawba Riverkeeper Foundation; Coastal Carolina River Watch; Congaree Riverkeeper, Inc.; Edisto Riverkeeper; Haw River Assembly; Midshore Riverkeeper Conservancy, Inc.; Mountaintrue; Potomac Riverkeeper Network, Inc.; Sassafras River Association, Inc.; Sound Rivers, Inc.; Virginia Eastern Shorekeeper, Inc.; West Virginia Rivers Coalition; Winyah Rivers Foundation, Inc.; Yadkin Riverkeeper, Inc.; City of Chesapeake, Amici Supporting Appellee. Sierra Club, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Virginia Electric & Power Company, f/k/a Dominion Virginia Power, d/b/a Dominion Energy Virginia, Defendant-Appellee. Virginia Chamber of Commerce; Virginia Manufacturers Association; Edison Electric Institute; Utility Water Act Group; Utility Solid Waste Activities Group, Amici Supporting Appellee, Waterkeeper Alliance, Incorporated; Cape Fear River Watch; Catawba Riverkeeper Foundation; Coastal Carolina River Watch; Congaree Riverkeeper, Inc.; Edisto Riverkeeper; Haw River Assembly; Midshore Riverkeeper Conservancy, Inc.; Mountaintrue; Potomac Riverkeeper Network, Inc.; Sassafras River Association, Inc.; Sound Rivers, Inc.; Virginia Eastern Shorekeeper, Inc.; West Virginia Rivers Coalition; Winyah Rivers Foundation, Inc.; Yadkin Riverkeeper, Inc.; City of Chesapeake, Amici Supporting Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided: September 12, 2018.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Jeffrey A. Lamken , MOLOLAMKEN LLP, Washington, D.C., for Appellant/Cross-Appellee. Frank S. Holleman, III , SOUTHERN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW CENTER, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, for Appellee/Cross-Appellant. ON BRIEF: Brooks M. Smith , Dabney J. Carr, IV , TROUTMAN SANDERS LLP, Richmond, Virginia; Robert K. Kry , James A. Barta , Washington, D.C., Ekta R. Dharia , MOLOLAMKEN LLP, New York, New York, for Appellant/Cross-Appellee. Deborah M. Murray , Nathaniel H. Benforado , Charlottesville, Virginia, Christopher J. Bowers , SOUTHERN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW CENTER, Atlanta, Georgia, for Appellee/Cross-Appellant. Kristy A.N. Bulleit , Washington, D.C., Michael R. Shebelskie , HUNTON ANDREWS KURTH LLP, Richmond, Virginia, for Amici Virginia Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Manufacturers Association, Edison Electric Institute, and Utility Water Act Group. Douglas H. Green , John F. Cooney , Margaret K. Fawal , VENABLE LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Utility Solid Waste Activities Group. Reed W. Super , Nicholas W. Tapert , SUPER LAW GROUP, LLC, New York, New York, for Amici Waterkeeper Alliance, Inc., Cape Fear River Watch, Inc., Catawba Riverkeeping Foundation, Inc., Coastal Carolina River Watch, Congaree Riverkeeper, Inc., Edisto Riverkeeper, Haw River Assembly, Midshore Riverkeeper Conservancy, Inc., MountainTrue, Potomac Riverkeeper Network, Inc., Sassafras River Association, Inc., Sound Rivers, Inc., Virginia Eastern Shorekeeper, Inc., West Virginia Rivers Coalition, Winyah Rivers Foundation, Inc., and Yadkin Riverkeeper, Inc. Jan L. Proctor , City Attorney, Ellen F. Bergren , Assistant City Attorney, Ryan C. Samuel , Assistant City Attorney, OFFICE OF THE CITY ATTORNEY, Chesapeake, Virginia, for Amicus City of Chesapeake.

Affirmed in part and reversed in part by published opinion. Judge Niemeyer wrote the opinion, in which Judge Thacker and Senior Judge Traxler joined.


For over 60 years, Virginia Electric & Power Company, d/b/a Dominion Energy Virginia ("Dominion"), operated a coal-fired power plant in Chesapeake, Virginia, that produced coal ash as a by-product of the coal combustion. Pursuant to permits issued by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality ("VDEQ") under the...

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