Marnika LEWIS, Antoin Adams, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Greater Birmingham Ministries, Marika Coleman, John Rogers, Priscilla Dunn, Juandalynn Givan, Louise Alexander, William Muhammad, Rodger Smitherman, Oliver Robinson, Alabama Legislative Black Caucus, Mary Moore, Plaintiffs-Appellants,
v.
GOVERNOR OF ALABAMA, in his Official Capacity as Governor of the State of Alabama, Attorney General, State of Alabama, in his Official Capacity as Attorney General of the State of Alabama, State of Alabama, the, Birmingham, City of, the, William A. Bell, Sr., Defendants-Appellees.
United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Andrew Lynn Brasher , James W. Davis , Steven Marshall , Alabama Attorney General's Office, Montgomery, AL, for Defendant-Appellee Attorney General, State of Alabama, in his Official Capacity as Attorney General of the State of Alabama.
Fredric L. Fullerton, II , City of Birmingham Law Department, Kayla Lawrence, City of Birmingham Law Department, Birmingham, AL, for Defendant-Appellee Birmingham, City of, William A. Bell, Sr.
Samuel Jacob Brooke , Southern Poverty Law Center, Montgomery, AL, Miya Chen, Benjamin Beach, The Partnership for Working Families, Oakland, CA, for Amicus Curiae The Partnership for Working Families.
Deuel Ross , NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., New York, NY, Amicus Curiae NAACP Legal Defense, Educational Fund, Inc., Campaign Legal Center.
Albert Loring Vreeland, II , Lehr Middlebrooks & Vreeland, PC, Birmingham, AL, for Amicus Curiae Alabama Retail Association, Business Council of Alabama, Alabama Restaurant & Hospitality Association, Alabama Grocers Association, Alabama Policy Institute, National Restaurant Association, Asian American Hotel Owners Association, National Federation of Independent Business.
Before WILSON and JORDAN, Circuit Judges, and CONWAY, District Judge.
WILSON, Circuit Judge:
For a single day in February 2016, Marnika Lewis and Antoin Adams secured a pay raise. The Mayor of Birmingham, Alabama, William Bell, had just affixed his signature to Birmingham Ordinance No. 16-28, which guaranteed Lewis, Adams, and all other wage earners in the city $10.10 per hour. But the following afternoon, Alabama...
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