NEW DOE CHILD #1 v. CONGRESS OF U.S.

No. 16-4345.

891 F.3d 578 (2018)

NEW DOE CHILD #1; New Doe Child #2; New Doe Parent; New Roe Child #1; New Roe Child #2; New Roe Parent; New Poe Child; New Poe Parent; New Coe Child; New Coe Parent; New Boe Child; New Hoe Parent; New Hoe Child #1; New Hoe Child #2; New Hoe Parent #1; New Hoe Parent #2; Holly Huber; Mitchell Kahle; Bernard Klein; Marni Huebner-Tiborsky; Loren Miller; Martin Maier; Michael Howard; Larry Knight; Devin Kuchnya; Tracey Martin; Mark Petricca; Beverly Shapiro; Ron Thomas; Derek Rose; George Shiffer; Nancy Dollard; Dennis Rosenblum; Joseph Milon; Salvatore Salerno; Jessica Mcquarter; Susan Carrier; Sarah Maxwell; Stuart Chisolm; Michael Martinez; Adam Clayman; Michigan Atheists; Northern Ohio Freethought Society, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. CONGRESS OF the UNITED STATES of America, Defendant, United States of America, Department of the Treasury; United States Mint; United States Bureau of Engraving and Printing; The American Legion; American Center for Law and Justice, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.

Decided and Filed: May 29, 2018.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Michael Newdow , Nice, California, for Appellants. Lowell V. Sturgill, Jr. , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Michael Newdow , Nice, California, Thomas M. Horwitz , Westlake, Ohio, for Appellants. Lowell V. Sturgill, Jr. , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Appellees. Eric Rassbach , Diana M. Verm , THE BECKET FUND FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, Washington, D.C., Jay Alan Sekulow , AMERICAN CENTER FOR LAW & JUSTICE, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae.

STRANCH, J., delivered the opinion of the court in which NORRIS, J., joined, and MOORE, J., joined in part. MOORE, J. (pp. 595-603), delivered a separate opinion dissenting from Part II.A.4 of the majority opinion.


OPINION

Atheists, Humanists, and one Jewish Plaintiff challenge the federal statutes requiring inscription of the National Motto, "In God We Trust," on U.S. currency. Plaintiffs allege that the currency statutes cause them to bear, affirm, and proselytize an objectionable message in a way that, for the Atheist...

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