ARIZONA v. TOHONO O'ODHAM NATION

Nos. 13-16517, 13-16519, 13-16520.

818 F.3d 549 (2016)

State of ARIZONA; Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Plaintiffs, and Gila River Indian Community, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. TOHONO O'ODHAM NATION, Defendant-Appellee. State of Arizona, Plaintiff-Appellant, and Gila River Indian Community; Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Plaintiffs, v. Tohono O'odham Nation, Defendant-Appellee. State of Arizona; Gila River Indian Community, Plaintiffs, and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Tohono O'odham Nation, Defendant-Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed March 29, 2016.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Pratik A. Shah (argued), Merrill C. Godfrey , Z.W. Julius Chen , and John B. Capehart , Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, Washington, D.C., for Plaintiff-Appellant Gila River Indian Community.

Mary R. O'Grady , Shane M. Ham , and Grace E. Rebling , Osborn Maledon, P.A., Phoenix, AZ, for Plaintiff-Appellant Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community.

Robert L. Ellman (argued), Solicitor General, Thomas C. Horne , Attorney General, and Michael Tryon , Assistant Attorney General, Arizona Attorney General's Office, Phoenix, AZ, for Plaintiff-Appellant State of Arizona.

Seth P. Waxman (argued), Danielle Spinelli , Kelly P. Dunbar , Sonya L. Lebsack , and Adam Klein , Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale & Dorr LLP, Washington, D.C.; Jonathan Jantzen , Attorney General, Laura Berglan , Deputy Attorney General, Tohono O'odham Nation Attorney General's Office, Sells, AZ, for Defendant-Appellee Tohono O'odham Nation.

Before: DIARMUID F. O'SCANNLAIN, BARRY G. SILVERMAN, and CARLOS T. BEA, Circuit Judges.


OPINION

This appeal requires us to consider whether sophisticated, represented parties really meant what they wrote in a gaming compact that was duly executed after years of tedious negotiations. Like the district court, we hold the parties to their words, and affirm the district court's orders in favor of the Tohono...

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