U.S. v. DEL TORO-BARBOZA

Nos. 10-50487, 10-50491.

673 F.3d 1136 (2012)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Israel DEL TORO-BARBOZA, Defendant-Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Adin Del Toro-Barboza, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed March 14, 2012.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Haring P. Raghupathi (argued), Federal Defenders of San Diego, Inc., San Diego, CA, for defendant-appellant Israel Del Toro-Barboza.

Andrew K. Nietor (argued), San Diego, CA, for defendant-appellant Adin Del Toro-Barboza.

Daniel E. Butcher (argued), Laura E. Duffy , and Bruce R. Castetter , Office of the U.S. Attorney, San Diego, CA, for appellee United States.

Before: JOHN T. NOONAN, RONALD M. GOULD, and SANDRA S. IKUTA, Circuit Judges.


OPINION

GOULD, Circuit Judge:

Adin and Israel Del Toro-Barboza ("Defendants") appeal their convictions for bulk cash smuggling under 31 U.S.C. § 5332 and failure to file reports on exporting monetary instruments under 31 U.S.C. § 5324. Border agents found a bag containing $500,000 in cash in a box under a sheet in the back of defendants' van when they were making an early morning border crossing. No declaration of possession of cash exceeding ...

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