U.S. v. AYALA

Nos. 07-4577, 07-4755.

601 F.3d 256 (2010)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Edgar Alberto AYALA, a/k/a Pony, Defendant-Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Oscar Ramos Velasquez, a/k/a Casper, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided: April 8, 2010.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Gary Allen Ticknor, Elkridge, Maryland, for Appellants. Sandra Wilkinson, Office of the United States Attorney, Baltimore, Maryland, for Appellee. ON BRIEF: Richard C. Bittner, Glen Burnie, Maryland, for Appellant Oscar Ramos Velasquez. Rod J. Rosenstein, United States Attorney, James M. Trusty, Assistant United States Attorney, Laura Gwinn, Trial Attorney, Office of the United States Attorney, Baltimore, Maryland, for Appellee.

Affirmed by published opinion. Judge WILKINSON wrote the opinion, in which Judge AGEE and Judge HARWELL joined.


OPINION

WILKINSON, Circuit Judge:

This case concerns the prosecution of members of the violent street gang La Mara Salvatrucha under various statutes, including the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO"), 18 U.S.C. §§ 1961-68, and the Violent Crimes in Aid of Racketeering ("VICAR") statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1959. On appeal, the defendants raise numerous claims, some individually and...

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