WOLFCHILD v. U.S.

No. 2008-5018.

559 F.3d 1228 (2009)

Sheldon Peters WOLFCHILD, et al., Ernie Peters Longwalker, et al., Scott Adolphson, et al., Morris J. Pendleton, et al., Barbara Feezor Buttes, et al., Winifred St. Pierre Feezor, et al., Autumn Weaver, et al., Aries Bluestone Weaver, et al., Elijah Bluestone Weaver, et al., Ruby Minkel, et al., Lavonne A. Swenson, et al., Willis Swenson, et al., Aaron Swenson, et al., Beverly M. Scott, et al., Lillian Wilson, et al., Monique Wilson, et al., Sandra Columbus Geshick, et al., Cheryl K. Lorusso, et al., Jennifer K. Lorusso, et al., Cassandra Shevchuk, et al., Jason Shevchuk, et al., James Paul Wilson, et al., Eva Grace Wilson, et al., Benita M. Johnson, et al., and Kevin Lorusso, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Harley D. Zephier, Sr., et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Elizabeth T. Walker, Walker Group, and John Does 1-30, Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Gertrude Godoy, et al., Michael Stephens, et al., Jesse Cermak, et al., Delores Klingberg, et al., Sally Ella Alkire, et al., Pierre George Arnold, Jr., et al., and Denise Henderson, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Lower Sioux Indian Community, Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Winona C. Thomas Enyard, et al., and Jeffrey Arnold Kitto, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Madaline Rocque, et al., Mary Taylor (Tatewastewin), et al., Margaret (Dumarce) Prescott, et al., and Joseph Coursolle, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Mary Beth Lafferty, et al., Anita D. Whipple, et al., Bonnie Rae Lowe, et al., and Lenor A. Scheffler Blaeser, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Julia Dumarce, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Francine Garreau Hall, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Kristine Abrahamson, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Victoria Robertson Vadnais, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Marvel Jean Dumarce, et al., and Vivian Cordelia Youngbear, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Danny Lee Mozak, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and Dawn Burley, Raymond Cournoyer, Sr., Francis Elaine Felix, Rebecca Elizabeth Felix, Lydia Ferris, Leslie Lee French, Dawn Henry, Sandra Kimbell, Jerry Robinette, Vera A. Rooney, Deborah L. Saul, Robert Lee Taylor, Daniel M. Trudell, Laura Vassar, Charlene Wanna, Ke Zephier, and John Does 31-433, Plaintiffs, v. UNITED STATES, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit.

March 10, 2009.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Erick G. Kaardal, Mohrman & Kaardal P.A., of Minneapolis, MN, argued for all plaintiffs-appellees Sheldon Peters Wolfchild, et al.

Robin L. Zephier, Abourezk & Zephier, PC, of Rapid City, SD, for plaintiffs-appellees Harley D. Zephier, Sr., et al.

Elizabeth T. Walker, Walker Law LLC, of Alexandria, VA, for plaintiffs-appellees Walker Group, et al.

Jack E. Pierce, Pierce Law Firm, P.A., of Minneapolis, MN, for plaintiffs-appellees Gertrude Godoy, et al.

Peter D. Gray, Halleland Lewis Nilan & Johnson PA, of Minneapolis, MN, for plaintiff-appellee Lower Sioux Indian Community. Of counsel was Eric J. Magnuson.

Sam S. Killinger, Rawlings, Nieland Law Firm, of Sioux City, IA, for plaintiffs-appellees Winona C. Thomas Enyard, et al.

Scott A. Johnson, Johnson Law Group, of Minnetonka, MN, for plaintiffs-appellees Madaline Rocque, et al.

Wood R. Foster, Jr., Siegel Brill Greupner Duffy & Foster P.A., of Minneapolis, MN, for plaintiffs-appellees Mary Beth Lafferty, et al.

Gary J. Montana, Montana & Associates, of Osseo, WI, for plaintiffs-appellees Julia DuMarce, et al.

Nicole Nachtigal Emerson, Lynn, Jackson, Shultz & Lebrun, PC, of Sioux Falls, SD, for plaintiffs-appellees Francine Garreau Hall, et al.

Randy V. Thompson, Nolan, MacGregor, Thompson & Leighton, of Saint Paul, MN, for plaintiffs-appellees Kristine Abrahamson, et al.

Royce D. Edwards, Jr., of Joplin, MO, for plaintiffs-appellees Victoria Robertson Vadnais, et al., of Britton, SD, for plaintiffs-appellees Marvel Jean DuMarce, et al.

Barry P. Hogan, Renaud Cook Drury Mesaros, PA, of Phoenix, AZ, for plaintiffs-appellees John Doe, 1-433, et al. Of counsel was Elizabeth T. Walker, Walker Law LLC, of Alexandria, VA.

Garrett J. Horn, Horn Law Office, of Yankton, SD, for plaintiffs-appellees Lydia Ferris, et al.

Steven D. Gordon, Holland & Knight, LLP, of Washington, DC, for amicus curiae Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux (Dakota) Community and Prairie Island Indian Community. With him on the brief were Phillip M. Baker-Shenk, and Philip R. Mahowald, of Welch, MN. Of counsel on the brief were Kurt V. BlueDog, BlueDog, Paulson & Small, P.L.L.P., of Minneapolis, MN; and Brian B. O'Neill, Faegre & Benson LLP, of Minneapolis, MN.

Aaron P. Avila, Trial Attorney, Appellate Section, Environment and Natural Resources Division, United States Department of Justice, of Washington, DC, for defendant-appellant. With him on the brief were Ron L. Tenpas, Assistant Attorney General and Laura Maroldy, Attorney.

Before RADER, BRYSON, and PROST, Circuit Judges.


BRYSON, Circuit Judge.

This case comes to us on interlocutory appeal from the Court of Federal Claims. The plaintiffs in the underlying action claimed that the government breached its fiduciary obligations with respect to certain real property that the government was required to hold in trust for them. The order on appeal sets forth two questions of law as to which the trial court concluded that there is a substantial ground for difference of opinion and that an immediate...

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