Article VII of California's Constitution (hereafter Article VII) defines "civil service" as the workforce of state government hired and promoted "under a general system based on merit ascertained by competitive examination." (Art. VII, § 1.) It applies to every officer and employee of state government, other than the positions listed in section 4 of Article VII.
Courts have held, with certain exceptions...
Let's get started
Welcome to the leading source of independent legal reporting
Sign on now to see your case.
Or view more than 10 million decisions and orders.
- Updated daily.
- Uncompromising quality.
- Complete, Accurate, Current.