U.S. v. HEREDIA

No. 03-10585.

481 F.3d 1188 (2007)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Carmen Denise HEREDIA, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed April 2, 2007.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Wanda K. Day, Tucson, AZ; Jeffrey T. Green, Eric A. Shumsky, Eamon P. Joyce and Matthew J. Warren, Sidley Austin, LLP, Washington D.C., for the defendant-appellant.

Paul K. Charlton, United States Attorney for the District of Arizona; Christina M. Cabanillas, George Ferko and Bruce M. Ferg, Assistant United States Attorneys, Tucson, AZ, for the plaintiff-appellee.

Kenneth W. Starr, Michael D. Shumsky and Gregory L. Skidmore, Kirkland & Ellis, LLP, Washington, D.C.; Sheryl Gordon McCloud, Law Offices of Sheryl Gordon McCloud, Seattle, WA, for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as amicus curiae in support of the defendant-appellant.

Saji Vettiyil, Vettiyil & Associates, P.C., Nogales, AZ, for Arizona Attorneys for Criminal Justice, as amicus curiae in support of the defendant-appellant.

Before: SCHROEDER, Chief Judge, PREGERSON, KOZINSKI, RYMER, KLEINFELD, HAWKINS, THOMAS, SILVERMAN, GRABER, McKEOWN, PAEZ, TALLMAN, CLIFTON,CALLAHAN and BEA, Circuit Judges.


KOZINSKI, Circuit Judge:

We revisit United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (9th Cir.1976) (en banc), and the body of caselaw applying it.

I

Defendant Carmen Heredia was stopped at an inland Border Patrol checkpoint while driving from Nogales to Tucson, Arizona. Heredia was at the wheel and her two children, mother and one of her aunts were passengers. The border agent at the scene noticed what he described...

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