KLEINFELD, Circuit Judge.
We must decide whether cash paid in advance by a wholesaler to a retailer, in exchange for a volume commitment, is "gross income" under 26 U.S.C. § 61. In the grocery trade, these are called "advance trade discounts."
It is hard to think of a way to make money by buying things. A child may think buying things is how one makes money: he sees his father give a clerk a single piece of paper money, and receive in exchange the goods...
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