FISCAL EQUITY v. STATE OF NY


100 N.Y.2d 893 (2003)

801 N.E.2d 326

769 N.Y.S.2d 106

CAMPAIGN FOR FISCAL EQUITY, INC., et al., Appellants, v. STATE OF NEW YORK et al., Respondents.

Court of Appeals of the State of New York.

Decided June 26, 2003.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, New York City (Joseph F. Wayland, David E. Massengill, William T. Russell, Jr., Jonathan K. Youngwood, Daniel H. Tabak, Elaine M. Divelbliss, Nihara K. Choudhri, Jason S. Stone and Jill L. Goldberg of counsel), and Michael A. Rebell Associates (Michael A. Rebell, Molly A. Hunter and Deborah A. Widiss of counsel), for appellants.

Eliot Spitzer, Attorney General, Albany (Daniel Smirlock, Caitlin J. Halligan, Denise A. Hartman, Melanie L. Oxhorn, Jean Lin, Deon Nossel and Robert M. Blum of counsel), for respondents.

Michael A. Cardozo, Corporation Counsel, New York City (Elizabeth S. Natrella and Leonard Koerner of counsel), for City of New York and others, amici curiae.

Arthur N. Eisenberg, New York City, Christopher Dunn and Donald Shaffer for New York Civil Liberties Union, amicus curiae.

DeGraff, Foy, Holt-Harris & Kunz, LLP, Albany (Robert E. Biggerstaff and Amy Quandt of counsel), for New York State Association of Small City School Districts, Inc., amicus curiae.

DeGraff, Foy, Holt-Harris & Kunz, LLP, Albany (Robert E. Biggerstaff and Amy Quandt of counsel), for New York State Coalition for 853 Schools, Inc., amicus curiae.

Denise C. Morgan, New York City, for Black, Puerto Rican and Hispanic Legislative Caucus and others, amici curiae.

Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP, New York City (Roberta A. Kaplan, Daniel R. Garodnick and David W. Wang of counsel), for Partnership for New York City, Inc., amicus curiae.

Ferrara, Fiorenza, Larrison, Barrett & Reitz, P.C., East Syracuse (Benjamin J. Ferrara and Norman H. Gross of counsel), for Midstate School Finance Consortium, amicus curiae.

Betsey Boardman Swan, Menands, for League of Women Voters of New York State, Inc., amicus curiae.

Michael J. Looby, Rochester, and Harter, Secrest & Emery LLP (Carol E. Heckman and Carol L. O'Keefe of counsel), for Rochester City School District, amicus curiae.

Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, New York City (Alan M. Klinger and Adam S. Grace of counsel), and Carol L. Gerstl for United Federation of Teachers, amicus curiae.

Davis Polk & Wardwell, New York City (Sharon Katz, Thomas Childs, Aisha Christian-Royall, Monica Lamb, Tyson Pratcher and David B. Toscano of counsel), for Alliance for Quality Education and others, amici curiae.

Hogan and Hartson, L.L.P., New York City (Adam J. Heft of counsel), and Patricia A. Brannan, Washington, D.C., for Council of the Great City Schools, amicus curiae.

Jay Worona, Latham, and Pilar Sokol for New York State School Boards Association, Inc., and another, amici curiae.

Judges SMITH, CIPARICK and ROSENBLATT concur with Chief Judge KAYE; Judge SMITH concurs in a separate concurring opinion; Judge READ dissents in another opinion; Judge GRAFFEO taking no part.


OPINION OF THE COURT

Chief Judge KAYE.

We begin with a unanimous recognition of the importance of education in our democracy. The fundamental value of education is embedded in the Education Article of the New York State Constitution by this simple sentence: "The legislature shall provide for the maintenance and support of a system of free common schools, wherein all the children of this state may be educated"...

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