PEREZ-GUZMAN v. GRACIA

No. 03-1621, 03-1622.

346 F.3d 229 (2003)

José Emilio PÉREZ-GUZMÁN, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Aurelio GRACIA, etc., et al., Defendants, Appellants. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Intervenor, Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

Decided October 9, 2003.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Gerardo de Jesus Annoni, with whom Sanchez-Betances & Sifre, P.S.C., and Ramón Walker Merino were on consolidated brief, for appellants.

Nelson Rosario Rodríguez for appellee.

Before SELYA, Circuit Judge, STAPLETON, Senior Circuit Judge, and HOWARD, Circuit Judge.


SELYA, Circuit Judge.

In Puerto Rico, organizations that seek to be recognized as political parties must gather roughly 100,000 endorsing petitions, each signed by a registered voter and sworn to before a notary public. Since only a lawyer can become a notary in Puerto Rico, there are fewer than 8,000 notaries in the entire commonwealth — and notarial services do not come cheap. Chafing under these restrictions, a nascent political party — the Partido...

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