ADAMS v. U.S.

No. 02-5076.

350 F.3d 1216 (2003)

Rowdy D. ADAMS, Ricardo E. Aguirre, Sheri L. Althoff, Luis R. Alvarado, Luis A. Amavizca, Paul H. Ammerman, Paul A. Anderson, Jaime M. Arras, Larry G. Arthurs, Larry H. Arthurs, Martha I. Arvizu, James R. Ash, David J. Astle, John T. Attanasio, Meri L. Axberg, Albert Bailey, Jr., Robert V. Bakowski, Donald L. Barley, John C. Bates, James W. Baumann, Paul A. Beeson, James S. Bendorf, David P. Bennett, Frank J. Beverly, William L. Black, Paul Blocker, Jr., Robert A. Bollier, Robert A. Bonbright, Alfredo Borrego, Jr., Candice M. Brady, Dennis G. Brady, Gilbertina Bravo-Paisley, Ronald C. Bright, John C. Brinning, Pierce L. Brown, Ronald W. Busch, Gabriel Bustamante, Joseph D. Cabral, Domingo Camacho, Francisco Camacho, Travis R. Canada, Felix Cantu, Jr., James E. Carroll, Eugene J. Carter, Fabian M. Casas, Alfredo L. Casillas, David J. Castaneda, Ernesto Castillo, Alfredo C. Ceniceros, Reuben E. Champion, Ben A. Chavez, Claudio R. Chavez, Roy S. Chavez, Alan C. Christensen, Wayne L. Chumbley, James W. Clifford, Brian P. Cogley, Ron S. Colburn, Dennis L. Connor, Danny J. Conway, Bruce L. Cooke, Juan M. Corona, Adan Cortez, Norma C. Cortez-Lopez, Thomas E. Corvinus, Rory Craft, Robert J. Cranston, C. Alan Creamer, John R. Crockford, George K. Cronin, Madelenee L. Cruz, Michael K. Dalton, John W. Davies, Amado Davila, Jr., Ralph E. Davis, Dennis W. Davis, John R. Day, Ramiro R. de Anda, Jesus E. de la Vega, Rolando de Pau, Manuel P. Diego, Charles E. Dill, William M. Doolittle, Daniel B. Doty, Jerrold C. Duncan, Daniel G. Duran, James P. Economy, Jose Escareno, Romeo L. Escobar, Gary A. Estes, David Estevis, Adan Estrada, Jr., James C. Evans, Dale F. Feist, Sherry L. Feltner, Jeffery M. Fields, Robert L. Finley, Nicholas C. Fisher, Manuel Flores, Kenneth E. Foley, Arnold Forsyth, Charles R. Foss, Christopher E. Foulsham, Marvin Foust, John France, Paul Franco, Randy Gallegos, Agustin Garcia, Charlie E. Garcia, Isaac Garcia, Juan A. Garcia, Mario Garcia, Jr., Uvaldo Garcia, Steven Garcia, David L. Garrett, Glicet C. Garvey, Jesus M. Garza, Oscar H. Garza, Jr., Raul G. Garza, Edward F. Gerber, Robert W. Gilbert, Joseph E. Gleason, Paul D. Glenn, Frank J. Gonzalez, Hector Gonzalez, Narcisco H. Gonzalez, Roland A. Gonzalez, R.T. Goodman, Richard M. Graham, Carlon J.W. Green, Bennie A. Greenfield, Richard J. Greenier, Roberto G. Guevara, Reynaldo Guillen, Jr., Franklin D. Gunter, Hugh O. Gustafson, David R. Gutierrez, Jorge Gutierrez, Roy P. Gwaltney, Jeffrey A. Hamrin, Michael D. Hance, Walter L. Harwell, Robert H. Haynes, Edward M. Head, Ronald H. Henley, Mark R. Henry, James G. Henry, Stacy A. Henry-Swarberg, Patricio Hernandez, A.B. Hibbert, Jr., Steven A. Higgs, Larry L. Hill, Stephen L. Hill, John C. Hines, Jerry Hjelle, Donn R. Hoberg, Lane Horger, Tommy L. Hubble, John Hubert, David Jackson, Larry D. Jackson, John G. Jacobs, Herbert H. Jefferson, Kim G. Jenkins, Albert Johnson III, Dwight L. Johnson, Thomas S. Johnson, William E. Johnson, Andrew R. Jones, Marvin D. Jones, Robert A. Judd, William S. Jumbeck, Mark R. Kemp, Norma A. King, Loren G. Klein, Ronald A. Knight, Stan J. Kozlowski, Frank S. Kopczynski, David L. Krohn, John A. Krupa, John R. Krzeminski, Harold W. Kuenstler, Louis L. Laabs, Jerry C. Lasher, Larry G. Laudner, Patrick T. Lauer, Leo H. Laurel, Thomas J. Lawrence, Frank E. Longoria, Benito Lopez, Roberto S. Lopez, John W. Lotz, Gary R. Lucey, Michael E. Macbeth, Carlos Malandris, Jr., Richard A. Marroquin, Alfredo Martinez, Armando Martinez, Antonio V. Martinez, Ernesto Martinez, Jr., Francisco J. Martinez, Mario Martinez, Xavier Martinez, Stanley N. Matthie, Richard P. Mauer, Guadalupe J. Mauricio, Thomas S. Maxwell, Michael B. McClarnon, Donald G. McDermott, Rodney McDonald, Thomas E. McDonnell, William McIver, Robert J. McNamara, Thomas F. McShane, Fernando Melendez, David W. Merrell, Clark J. Messer, Aaron K. Miller, James R. Miller, Rudy J. Miranda, Robert W. Mitchell, Daniel Molina, Jr., Michael Molloy, Herbert J. Monette, Kenneth J. Moniere, Benjamin Monsivais, Mark R. Moody, Arturo E. Moreno, Lisandro Moreno, Jr., Jesus Morin, Jr., Jeffrey S. Morris, Rodney C. Morris, Jose L. Munguia, John E. Munch, Amaro Munoz, Jesus Munoz, Jr., Paulino Munoz, Jr., Mark V. Murphy, Edward L. Nelson, Manfred L. Ng, Loren W. Nichols, Joe Nunez, Eduardo Nunez, Robert Nussrallah, Chris Oberly, John R. O'Donnell, Rudy H. Orosco, Jose Otero, Joe A. Pagitt, Julian J. Panek, Allen G. Parsons, David B. Pearce, Dennis A. Pease, Luis A. Pedregon, Oscar Pena, Ruben G. Pena, Daniel Perales, Stephen A. Peregoy, Gilbert G. Petty, George Prat, Rolfe J. Raines, Reymundo Ramirez, Jose R. Ramirez, Jesus R. Ramos, Ramiro C. Ramos, Trei C. Rasmusson, Joseph C. Rayball, Jr., Edward Redondo, Jr., Tim C. Rhodes, Neal A. Richards, Joe M. Rivera, Keith A. Roberts, Douglas E. Rodney, Daniel Rodriguez, Eugenio Rodriguez, Jr., Juan Rodriguez, Raul F. Rodriguez, Estanislao A. Rosas, Edward T. Ruffel, Harry Ruffel, Antonio J. Ruiz, Stephen F. Rutkowsky, Alonzo A. Saenz, Alfred G. Salacup, Exiquio Saldivar, Roberto Santos, James A. Savage, Jr., George F. Schoen, Howard A. Schroeder, John D. Scott, Glenn J. Scott, Roger D. Sears, Charles L. Sears, Errol A. Sena, Richard A. Serra, Juan Serrata, Jr., Don A. Shelnutt, Richard O. Sherman, Jack Shipp, Armando Silva, Michael Singh, Thomas W. Slowinski, Frank D. Smith, Juan E. Solis, Jr., Jerry M. Spruiell, Fred Stevens, Victor M. Sumaya, Ann M. Summers, Alan R. Summers, Martin S. Suro, James W. Swanson, Greg D. Switzer, Joseph L. Tammen, William E. Tatu, Michael D. Teague, Aubrey Terrell, Dean B. Thatcher, Charles W. Thompson, Bill Tidball, John T. Tiltti, Hector Trevino, David A. Trevino, Juan J. Trevino, Jimmy M. Trevino, Loncie Tucker, Patrick J. Tuohy, Craig B. Turner, Joe J. Urena, Jesse Uribe, Wesley B. Vanderheyden, Loretto Vasquez, Horacio Vela, Lauro Vidal, Jr., Ruben M. Villa, Jr., Jose R. Villarreal, Ronald D. Vitiello, John R. Wagner, James B. Wagoner, David P. Ward, Michael A. Wells, Dennis E. Welsh, Randle K. West, Kenneth J. Wilson, Michael Wilson, James H. Wimberly, Robert M. Worsham, Michael Wright, Javier F. Yanez, and Adrian Zarate, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES, Defendant-Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit.

Decided: November 25, 2003.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Everett L. Bobbitt, Bobbitt & Pinckard, APC, of San Diego, CA, argued for plaintiffs-appellants. With him on the brief was Bradley M. Fields.

Virginia G. Farrier, Attorney, Commercial Litigation Branch, Civil Division, Department of Justice, of Washington, DC, argued for defendant-appellee. On the brief was David M. Cohen, Director.

Before MICHEL, CLEVENGER, and LINN, Circuit Judges.


MICHEL, Circuit Judge.

This suit was brought by certain present and former United States Border Patrol agents, alleging that the government wrongly and willfully failed to pay the plaintiffs overtime wages at a time-and-a-half rate as required by the Fair Labor Standards Act ("FLSA"), 29 U.S.C. § 207(a). The government conceded that the plaintiffs had not been paid for overtime, but contended that all of the various positions held by plaintiffs fell within the...

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