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DETROIT MAYOR v. ARMS TECH, INC.

Docket Nos. 227669, 227685, 227686, 227687, 228710, 233688, 233689, 233906, 234263, 234359, 234567.

669 N.W.2d 845 (2003)

258 Mich. App. 48

MAYOR OF DETROIT and City of Detroit, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. ARMS TECHNOLOGY, INC., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Colt'S Manufacturing Co., Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament, d/b/a Interarm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., and Taurus International Manufacturing, Defendants-Appellants, and B.L. Jennings, Cobray Firearms, Davis Industries, FMJ a/k/a Full Metal Jacket, MKS Supply, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., Raven Arms, Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Gun Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordinance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc., General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, and General Laney, Inc., Defendants. Mayor of Detroit and City Of Detroit, Plaintiffs-Appellee, v. MKS Supply, Inc., Defendant-Appellant, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., B.L. Jennings, Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries, FMJ a/k/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament, d/b/a Interarm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Gun Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordinance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc., General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, And General Laney, Inc., Defendants. Mayor of Detroit and City of Detroit, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. B.L. Jennings, Defendant-Appellant, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries, FMJ a/k/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., MKS Supply, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament, d/b/a Interarm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Gun Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordinance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc., General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, and General Laney, Inc., Defendants. Mayor of Detroit and City of Detroit, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Gun Shop & Gun Range, Defendants-Appellants, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries. FMJ d/b/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., MKS Supply, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament d/b/a Inter-Arm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Guns Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, General Laney, Inc., Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordnance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, And Sports Authority, Inc., Defendants. Wayne County Executive, John D. O'Hair, Ricardo Solomon, Edna Bell, Robert Blackwell, Kathleen Husk and County Of Wayne, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. MKS Supply, Inc., Defendant-Appellant, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries. FMJ d/b/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament d/b/a Inter-Arm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Guns Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, General Laney, Inc., Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordnance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc., And B.L. Jennings, Inc., Defendants. Wayne County Executive, John D. O'Hair, Ricardo Solomon, Edna Bell, Robert Blackwell, Kathleen Husk and County of Wayne, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. B.L. Jennings, Defendant-Appellant, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries. FMJ d/b/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., MKS Supply, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament d/b/a Inter-Arm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Guns Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, General Laney, Inc., Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordnance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, and Sports Authority, Inc., Defendants. Wayne County Executive, John D. O'Hair, Ricardo Solomon, Edna Bell, Robert Blackwell, Kathleen Husk and County of Wayne, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc. Colt's Manufacturing Co., Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament, d/b/a Interarm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., and Taurus International Manufacturing, Defendants-Appellants, and Cobray Firearms, Davis Industries. FMJ d/b/a Full Metal Jacket, MKS Supply, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., Raven Arms, Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Guns Shop & Gun Range, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, General Laney, Inc., Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordnance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc. and B.L. Jennings, Defendants. Wayne County Executive, John D. O'Hair, Ricardo Solomon, Edna Bell, Robert Blackwell, Kathleen Husk and County Of Wayne, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc., d/b/a Alexander's Guns Shop & Gun Range, Defendants-Appellants, and Arms Technology, Inc., Beretta USA, Corp., Browning Arms Co., Bryco Arms, Inc., Cobray Firearms, Colt's Manufacturing Co., Davis Industries. FMJ d/b/a Full Metal Jacket, Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., MKS Supply, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, International Armament d/b/a Interarm Industries, Kel-Tec, CNC Industries, Inc., Lorcin Engineering Co., Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Navegar, Inc., d/b/a Intratec USA, Inc., Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Inc., Smith & Wesson Corp., Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc., Sundance Industries, Inc., S.W. Daniel, Inc., Taurus International Manufacturing, Lloyd Dean V. Parr d/b/a Dean's Gun Shop, Dick's Sporting Goods, Gander Mountain, Gibraltar Trade Center, Joel Silber d/b/a Joel Silber Sporting Goods, General Laney d/b/a Laney's Gun & Supplies, General Laney, Inc., Lortz, Ltd. d/b/a Midwest Ordnance, Motor City Sports Car, Ltd., Urbanski's Gun Shop, d/b/a Pago's Gun Shop, Sports Authority MI, Sports Authority, Inc., and B.L. Jennings, Defendants.

Court of Appeals of Michigan.

Decided August 7, 2003, at 9:10 a.m.

Released for Publication October 7, 2003.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Charfoos & Christensen, P.C. (by David W. Christensen, Samuel L. Simpson, and David R. Parker), Detroit, for the Mayor of the city of Detroit and others.

Cox & Weiner (by Cy V. Weiner and Elizabeth C. Thompson), Southfield, for the Wayne County Executive.

Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence (by Dennis Henigan, Brian J. Siebel, and Allen K. Rostron), Washington, DC, for the plaintiffs.

Kitch Drutchas Wagner Denardis & Valitutti (by Susan Healy Zitterman and John Paul Hessburg) (Renzulli & Rutherford, LLP, by John Renzulli and Christopher Renzulli, of counsel) (Friday, Eldredge & Clark, by William M. Griffin, III, of counsel) (Budd, Larner, Gross, Rosenbaum, Greenberg & Sade, by Timothy A. Bumann, of counsel) (Timothy G. Atwood, of counsel), Detroit; New York, NY; Little Rock, Ark; Atlanta, Ga; Shelton, Conn., for Arms Technology, Inc., Browning Arms Co., Glock, Inc., H & R 1871, Inc., Hi Point Firearms, Kel-Tec CNC Industries, Inc., O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc., Taurus Manufacturing, Inc., and International Armament Corp.

Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer & Weiss (by R. Christopher Cataldo) (Wildman, Harrold, Allen & Dixon, by James P. Dorr, James Vogts, and Sarah Olson, of counsel), Detroit; Chicago, IL, for Sturm Ruger & Co., Inc.

Feikens, Stevens, Kennedy, Hurley & Galbraith, P.C. (by Jon Feikens) (Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue, by Thomas Fennell and Michael L. Rice, of counsel), Detroit;

Dallas, TX, for Colt's Manufacturing Company, Inc.

Rutledge, Manion, Rabaut, Terry & Thomas, P.C. (by Alvin A. Rutledge) (Gordon, Feinblatt, Rothman, Hoffberger & Hollander, L.L.C., by Lawrence Greenwald, of counsel), Detroit; Baltimore, MD, for Beretta USA Corp.

Secrest, Wardle, Lynch, Hampton, Truex & Morley (by Robert B. Holt, Jr.) (Bruinsma & Hewitt, by Michael S. Hewitt, of counsel) (Tarics & Carrington, P.C., by Michael Branisa and Michael Zomcik, of counsel), Farmington Hills; Houston, TX; Cosa Mesa, Cal., for Bryco Arms, Phoenix Arms, and B.L. Jennings, Inc.

Martin, Bacon & Martin, P.C. (by Jonathan E. Martin) (Shook, Hardy & Bacon, L.L.P., by Jeffrey S. Nelson, of counsel), Mt. Clemens; Kansas City, MO, for Smith & Wesson Corp.

Mantese Miller and Mantese, P.L.L.C. (by Gerard Mantese, E. Powell Miller, and Ann L. Miller), Troy, for MKS Supply, Inc.

Dipietro & Day, P.C. (by Thomas K. Dipietro), Belleville, for Alexander's Sport Shop, Inc.

Before: HOEKSTRA, P.J., and WILDER and ZAHRA, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

In these consolidated appeals, defendants appeal by leave granted the trial court's decision denying their motions for summary disposition based on MCR 2.116(C)(8). We reverse.

I. Facts and Proceedings

The political subdivision plaintiffs in this case are among the numerous political subdivisions nationwide that have filed suit against firearms manufacturers, distributors, and retailers such...

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