CUMMINGS v. CONNELL

Nos. 01-16735, 01-16819, 01-17445, 01-17450.

316 F.3d 886 (2003)

Christine A. CUMMINGS; Janet Taylor Darvas; Richard K. Dehart; Christopher Garbani; Patricia A. McCumsey; Daniel Nowalis; and Claudia Stewart, Plaintiffs-Appellees/Cross-Appellants, v. Kathleen CONNELL, Controller, State of California; Marty Morgenstern, Director, California Department of Personnel Administration, Defendants/Cross-Appellees, and California State Employees Association, Local 1000, Service Employees International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC, Defendant-Appellant/Cross-Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed January 9, 2003.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

W. James Young, National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc., Springfield, VA, for the plaintiffs-appellees/cross-appellants.

Leslie R. Lopez, Deputy Attorney General, Office of the State Attorney General, Sacramento, CA, for defendant/cross-appellee Kathleen Connell.

Warren C. Stracener, Assistant Chief Counsel, Department of Personnel Administration, State of California, Sacramento, CA, for defendant/cross-appellee Marty Morgenstern.

Eileen B. Goldsmith (argued) and Jeffrey B. Demain, Altshuler, Berzon, Nussbaum, Rubin & Demain, San Francisco, CA, for the defendant-appellant/cross-appellee.

Before HAWKINS, GRABER, and TALLMAN, Circuit Judges.


OPINION

MICHAEL DALY HAWKINS, Circuit Judge.

It is settled law that a union may charge nonunion employees certain fees to pay for their "fair share" of the union's cost of negotiating and administering a collective bargaining agreement. Abood v. Detroit Bd. of Educ., 431 U.S. 209, 97 S.Ct. 1782, 52 L.Ed.2d 261 (1977). In Chicago Teachers Union v. Hudson, 475 U.S. 292, 310, 106...

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