DIXON v. EDWARDS

No. 01-2337.

290 F.3d 699 (2002)

Jane Holmes DIXON, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Samuel L. EDWARDS; The Vestry of St. John's Parish, Defendants-Appellants. Jack Leo Iker, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth; Robert Duncan, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Pittsburgh; Peter James Lee, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia; Neff Powell, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia; Robert W. Ihloff, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Maryland; John Rabb, Right Reverend, Suffragan Bishop of the Diocese of Maryland; Clifton Daniel, 3rd, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of East Carolina; Michael B. Curry, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of North Carolina; J. Gary Gloster, Right Reverend, Suffragan Bishop of the Diocese of North Carolina; James A. Kelsey, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Northern Michigan; Carolyn Tanner Irish, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Utah; Orris G. Walker, Jr., Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Long Island; Charles E. Bennison, Jr., Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Pennsylvania; William E. Swing, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of California; J. Jon Bruno, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Los Angeles; Chester L. Talton, Right Reverend, Suffragan Bishop of the Diocese of Los Angeles; Robert M. Anderson, Right Reverend, Bishop Assistant of the Diocese of Los Angeles; Robert L. Ladehoff, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Oregon; William Otis Gregg, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Eastern Oregon; Vincent W. Warner, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Olympia; James Edward Waggoner, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Spokane; Harry B. Bainbridge, III, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Idaho; Katharine Jefferts Schori, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Nevada; Richard S.O. Chang, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Hawaii; Allen L. Bartlett, Jr., Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Pennsylvania (retired); James W. Montgomery, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Chicago (retired); Theodore Eastman, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Maryland (retired); Ronald H. Haines, Right Reverend, Bishop of the Diocese of Washington (retired), Amici Curiae.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided May 22, 2002.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Charles Hart Nalls, Dekieffer & Horgan, Washington, D.C., for Appellants. David Martin Schnorrenberg, Crowell & Moring, L.L.P., Washington, D.C., for Appellee. ON BRIEF: Michael G. Van Arsdall, Crowell & Moring, L.L.P., Washington, D.C., for Appellee. Kenneth R. Matticks, Dallas, Texas, for Amici Curiae Iker and Duncan. Russell V. Palmore, Jr., George A. Somerville, Troutman, Sanders, Mays & Valentine, L.L.P., Richmond, Virginia, for Amici Curiae Lee, et al.

Before MOTZ, KING, and GREGORY, Circuit Judges.


Affirmed and remanded by published opinion. Judge KING wrote the opinion, in which Judge MOTZ and Judge GREGORY joined.

OPINION

KING, Circuit Judge.

Plaintiff Jane Holmes Dixon is the Bishop Pro Tempore of the Diocese of Washington, one of approximately a hundred such entities constituting the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America (the "Episcopal Church" or "the Church"). Defendant Samuel L. Edwards is an ordained Priest...

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