U.S. v. SUED-JIMÉNEZ

No. 00-2146, 01-1254, 01-1256, 01-1469, 01-1471 to 01-1480, 01-1522 to 01-1535 and 01-1954 to 01-1963.

275 F.3d 1 (2001)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Jalil Gazir SUED-JIMÉNEZ, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Elga Mari Castro-Ramos, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Elliot Vicente Castro-Tirado, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. José Luis Romero-Burgos, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Carlos Taíno Dávila-Reverón, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Juan Osvaldo Budet-Meléndez, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Edwin Rivera, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Norma Rodríguez-Ferrán, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Miguel A. Rivera-González, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Tubal Padilla-Galeano, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Rufino Echevarría-Rivera, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Efraín Figueroa-Báez, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Alfredo J. Colón-Meléndez, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. José Pérez-González, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Liliana García-Arroyo, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Alice Agosto-Hernández, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Roberto Barreto-Valentín, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Erika Fontánez-Torres, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Maritza García-Arroyo, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Néstor Cruz-Crespo, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. José Mayol-Sepúlveda, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Roberto A. Gándara-Barnett, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Omar Gómez-Couvertier, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. José E. Flores-Arriaga, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Ramón Díaz-Rivera, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Ubaldo Rosario-Nieves, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Israel Torres-Llaurador, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Norma Lugo-Maldonado, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Blanca Gari-Pérez, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Pedro José Muñiz-García, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Néstor Nazario-Trabal, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Julio Ortega-Miranda, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Reinand Ortiz-Feliciano, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Zoraida Santiago-Feliciano, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. José Rivera-Santana, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Asunción Rodríguez-Crespo, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Ernesto Peña-Carambot, Defendant, Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Rosalinda Soto-Toledo, Defendant, Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

Decided December 19, 2001.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Fermín L. Arraiza-Navas, with whom Pedro J. Varela, was on brief, for appellants.

Guillermo J. Ramos-Luiña, with whom Rivera, Tulla & Ferrer, was on brief, for appellant Alice Agosto-Hernández.

Francis J. Bustamante, Special Assistant U.S. Attorney, with whom Guillermo Gil, United States Attorney, Jorge E. Vega-Pacheco, Assistant U.S. Attorney, Chief, Criminal Division, Anthony Chávez and Aaron W. Reiman, Special Assistant U.S. Attorneys, were on briefs, for appellee.

Before TORRUELLA, Circuit Judge, KRAVITCH, Senior Circuit Judge, and LYNCH, Circuit Judge.


TORRUELLA, Circuit Judge.

Appellants raise various challenges to their convictions for trespassing that arose out of protests at a United States Naval installation in Vieques, Puerto Rico. Because we find these challenges unpersuasive, we affirm.

Background

Appellants, whose cases have been consolidated for purposes of appeal, were arrested at various times between April and June of 2000 for trespassing onto Camp García, a United States...

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