PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF THE COLUMBIA/WILLAMETTE INC.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and
Karen Sweigert, M.D., Plaintiff,
v.
AMERICAN COALITION OF LIFE ACTIVISTS; Advocates for Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David A. Crane; Timothy Paul Dreste; Michael B. Dodds; Joseph L. Foreman; Charles Roy McMillan; Stephen P. Mears; Bruce Evan Murch; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover; Charles Wysong, Defendants,
Monica Migliorino Miller; Donald Treshman, Defendants-Appellants.
Planned Parenthood of the Columbia/Willamette Inc.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and
Karen Sweigert, M.D., Plaintiff,
v.
American Coalition of Life Activists; Advocates For Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David A. Crane; Timothy Paul Dreste; Joseph L. Foreman; Stephen P. Mears; Monica Migliorino Miller; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover; Donald Treshman; Charles Wysong, Defendants, and
Michael Dodds; Charles Roy McMillan; Bruce Evan Murch, Defendants-Appellants.
Planned Parenthood of the Columbia/Willamette Inc.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and
Karen Sweigert, M.D., Plaintiff,
v.
American Coalition of Life Activists; Advocates for Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David A. Crane; Michael Dodds; Charles Roy McMillan; Stephen P. Mears; Monica Migliorino Miller; Bruce Evan Murch; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover; Donald Treshman, Defendants, and
Timothy Paul Dreste; Joseph L. Foreman; Charles Wysong, Defendants-Appellants.
Planned Parenthood of the Columbia/Willamette Inc.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D., Plaintiffs-Appellees, and
Karen Sweigert, M.D., Plaintiff,
v.
American Coalition of Life Activists; Advocates For Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David A. Crane; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover, Defendants-Appellants, and
Timothy Paul Dreste; Michael Dodds; Joseph L. Foreman; Charles Roy McMillan; Stephen P. Mears; Monica Migliorino Miller; Bruce Evan Murch; Donald Treshman; Charles Wysong, Defendants.
Planned Parenthood of the Columbia/Willamette Inc.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D., Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v.
American Coalition of Life Activists; Advocates For Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David A. Crane; Timothy Paul Dreste; Michael B. Dodds; Joseph L. Foreman; Charles Roy McMillan; Bruce Evan Murch; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover; Donald Treshman; Charles Wysong, Defendants.
Paul deParrie, Movant-Appellant.
Planned Parenthood of the Columbia/Willamette Inc.; Portland Feminist Women's Health Center; Robert Crist, M.D.; Warren M. Hern, M.D.; Elizabeth Newhall, M.D.; James Newhall, M.D.; Karen Sweigert, M.D., individually and on behalf of all persons similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v.
American Coalition of Life Activists; Advocates For Life Ministries; Michael Bray; Andrew Burnett; David Crane; Timothy Paul Dreste; Michael Dodds; Joseph L. Foreman; Charles Roy McMillan; Monica Migliorino Miller; Bruce Evan Murch; Catherine Ramey; Dawn Marie Stover; Donald Treshman; Charles Wysong, Defendants-Appellants.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued September 12, 2000
Submitted September 15, 2000.
Filed March 28, 2001.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
Christopher A. Ferrara, American Catholic Lawyers Association Inc., Ramsey, New Jersey, argued the cause for all Appellants, and submitted a brief on behalf of appellant Donald J. Treshman.
Maria T. Vullo, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, New York, New York, argued the cause for Appellees.
Stephen J. Safranek, Richard Thompson, Edward L. White III, Thomas More Center for Law & Justice, Ann Arbor, Michigan, for Appellants American Coalition of Life Activists, Advocates for Life Ministries, Andrew Burnett, David Crane, Catherine Ramey, Michael Bray and Dawn Stover.
Robert M. O'Neil, for amicus curiae Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, Charlottesville, Virginia, in support of reversal.
Paul deParrie, Portland, Oregon, amicus curiae, in support of reversal.
Michael H. Simon, Perkins Coie LLP, Portland, Oregon, for amicus curiae ACLU Foundation of Oregon, Inc., in support of affirmance.
Susan M. Popik, Chapman, Popik & White, San Francisco, California, for amici curiae Feminist Majority Foundation, Center For Reproductive Law and Policy, National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League and NARAL Foundation, National Abortion Federation, National Coalition of Abortion Providers, National Organization for Women Foundation, NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund, National Women's Health Foundation, Northwest Women's Law Center, Physicians for Reproductive Choice and Health, and Women's Law Project, in support of affirmance.
Richard Blumenthal, Attorney General of Connecticut, for amici curiae Connecticut, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon and Washington, in support of affirmance.
Erwin Chemerinsky, University of Southern California Law School, Los Angeles, California, for amici curiae, Anti-Defamation League, the American Jewish Committee, Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America, Inc., in support of affirmance.
Before: ALEX KOZINSKI and ANDREW J. KLEINFELD, Circuit Judges, and WILLIAM W. SCHWARZER, District Judge.
United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
KOZINSKI, Circuit Judge:
Anti-abortion activists intimidated abortion providers by publishing their names and addresses. A jury awarded more than $100 million in actual and punitive damages against the activists, and the district court enjoined their speech. We consider whether such speech is protected by the First Amendment.
I
During a 1995 meeting called to mark the anniversary of Roe v. Wade,410 U.S. 113
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