ASSOC. OF MEXICAN-AMERICAN EDUCATORS v. STATE OF CALIFORNIA

Nos. 96-17131, 97-15422.

231 F.3d 572 (2000)

The ASSOCIATION OF MEXICAN-AMERICAN EDUCATORS ("AMAE"); California Association for Asian-Pacific Bilingual Education ("CAFABE"), on behalf of themselves, their members, and all others similarly situated; Oakland Alliance of Black Educators ("OABE"), on behalf of themselves, their members, and all others similarly situated; Sara MacNeil Boyd; Sam Genis; Toua Yang; Bob Williams; Marta LeClaire; Antoinette Williams; Diana Kwan; and Agnes Haynes, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Appellants/Cross-Appellees, v. STATE OF CALIFORNIA; The California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, Defendants-Appellees/Cross-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed October 30, 2000.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

John T. Affeldt, Public Advocates, Inc., San Francisco, California, for the plaintiffs-appellants/appellees.

R. Lawrence Ashe, Jr., and Eric J. Taylor, Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker, LLP, Atlanta, Georgia; and William Lockyer, Attorney General, and Stephanie Wald, Deputy Attorney General, San Francisco, California, for the defendants-appellees/appellants.

Stewart Weinberg, Van Bourg, Weinberg, Roger & Rosenfeld, Oakland, California; Paul J. Dostart, Dostart Clapp Sterrett & Coveney, LLP, San Diego, California; Martin Bienstock, Assistant Attorney General, New York, New York; Peter Roos, San Francisco, California; and Gregory B. Friel and Jennifer Levin, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for the amici.

Before: PROCTER HUG, JR., Chief Judge, and MARY M. SCHROEDER, STEPHEN REINHARDT, DIARMUID F. O'SCANNLAIN, FERDINAND F. FERNANDEZ, PAMELA ANN RYMER, ANDREW J. KLEINFELD, A. WALLACE TASHIMA, SIDNEY R. THOMAS, SUSAN P. GRABER, and RONALD M. GOULD, Circuit Judges.


Argued and Submitted June 20, 2000 — San Francisco, California.

Opinion by Judge GRABER; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge REINHARDT; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge FERNANDEZ; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge KLEINFELD; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge GOULD; Dissent by Judge TASHIMA.

GRABER, Circuit Judge:

Plaintiffs are a class of Mexican-American, Asian-American, and African...

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