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U.S. v. CERCEDA

Nos. 95-4628, 95-4610 to 95-4613, 95-4617, 95-4618, 95-4626, 95-4629 to 95-4635, 95-4659, 95-5298, 95-5369, 95-5566, 96-4584, 96-5043 and 96-5067.

172 F.3d 806 (1999)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Angel CERCEDA, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Courtney Ricardo Alford, a.k.a. "Rickey" Edward Bernard Williams, a.k.a. "Bernard" Nathaniel Dean, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Hector Fernandez-Dominguez, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Jesus E. Cardona, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Carlos Hernandez, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Jose Herminio Benitez, a.k.a. "William Muniz," a.k.a. "Emilio," Heriberto Alvarez, Elpidio, Pedro Iglesias-Cruz, a.k.a. "Budweiser," Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Minnie Ruth Williams, Ralph W. Corker, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Hiram Martinez, Jr., Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Diogenes Palacios, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Fred De La Mata, Manuel A. Calas, Oscar Castilla and Enrique Fernandez, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Steven Johnson, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Francisco Jose Arias, Gustavo Javier Pirela-Avila, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Enrique Acosta, Milciades Jiminez, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Carlos A. Zapata, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Jose Michael Vilarino, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Victor Long, Israel Ael, Miguel Campos, Jose Visozo Narcisco Suarez, and Oscar Karin, a.k.a. Mas, Defendants-Appellees. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Diogenes Palacios, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Zaida Fatima Borge, a.k.a. Gorda, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Francis Joseph Bradley, a.k.a. Frank Bradley, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Jaime A. Durango, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Zaida Fatima Borge, a.k.a. Gorda, Defendant-Appellee. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Nathaniel Dean, Edward Bernard Williams, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit.

April 16, 1999.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

William A. Keefer, U.S. Atty., Adalberto Jordan, Asst. U.S. Atty., Miami, FL, for United States.

Fred A. Schwartz, Jeffrey B. Crockett, Miami, FL, for Cerceda.

Pamela Perry, Berman, Shohat, Loewy & Perry, Miami, FL, for Alford.

John Browdy, Miami, FL, for Williams in 95-4610 and for Dean in 96-5067.

Kathleen M. Williams, Federal Pub. Defender, Ft. Lauderdale and Miami, FL, for Dean in 95-4610, Fernandez-Dominguez in 95-4611, Fernandez in 95-4630, Zapata in 95-4634, Borge in 95-5369, Bradley in 95-5566 and 96-5043, and Williams in 96-5067.

Helen C. Trainor, Asst. Fed. Pub. Defender, Ft. Lauderdale and Miami, FL, for Dean in 95-4610, Zapata in 95-4634,Borge in 95-5369 and 96-5043 and Bradley in 95-5566.

Jacqueline Rubin, Asst. Fed. Pub. Defender, Miami, FL, for Fernandez-Dominguez in 95-4611.

Thomas F. Almon, Miami, FL, for Cardona in 95-4612, Johnson in 95-4631 and Arias in 95-4632.

Oscar Arroyave, Miami, FL, for Hernandez in 95-4613.

Jose Batista, Hialeah, FL, Roy J. Kahn, Jose Rafael Rodriguez, Jesus F. Bujan, Miami, FL, for Defendants-Appellees in 95-4617.

Richard J. Diaz, Miami, FL, for Defendants-Appellees in 95-4618.

Roy E. Black, Black & Seiden, Miami, FL, for Martinez in 95-4626 and Calas in 95-4630.

Philip Horowitz, Miami, FL, for Palacios in 95-4629 and 95-5298.

Guy Richard Strafer, Quenon, Strafer & Scola, P.A., Miami, FL, for De La Mata in 95-4630 and Ael in 95-4659.

Michael S. Pasano, Zuckerman, Spaeder, Taylor & Evans, Miami, FL, for Castilla in 95-4630.

Paul Rashkind, Asst. Fed. Pub. Defender, Miami, FL, Kathleen J. Cooper, Asst. Fed. Pub. Defender, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, for Fernandez in 95-4630.

Guy W. Turner, Coral Gables, FL, for Pirela-Avila in 95-4632.

Barry Shevlin, Bay Harbor Island, FL, for Jimenez in 95-4633.

Manuel Gonzalez, Jr., Miami, FL, for Acosta in 95-4633.

Leonard F. Baer, Coral Gables, FL, for Vilarino in 95-4635.

Robert J. Becerra, Raskin & Raskin, P.A., Miami, FL, for Long in 95-4659.

Joel Kaplan, Miami, FL, for Visozo in 95-4659.

Frank Quintero, Miami, FL, for Campos in 95-4659.

David J. Joffe, Coconut Grove, FL, for Suarez in 95-4659.

G. P. Della Fera, Miami, FL, for Karin in 95-4659.

Reemberto Diaz, Diaz & Batista, P.A., Coral Gables, FL, for Durango in 96-4584.

Bonnie Phillips-Williams, Asst. Fed. Pub. Defender, Miami, FL, for Williams in 96-5067.

Before HATCHETT, Chief Judge, TJOFLAT, ANDERSON, EDMONDSON, COX, BIRCH, DUBINA, BLACK, CARNES, BARKETT and HULL, Circuit Judges, and RONEY, Senior Circuit Judge.

PER CURIAM:

These appeals require us to determine whether a judge's failure to recuse himself from criminal cases in which recusal was required necessitates vacating the resulting judgments and sentences. We conclude that, in these cases, it does not.

I.

Judge Michael K. Moore of the Southern District of Florida was notified in November 1992 that he was the subject of a federal grand jury investigation in the Eastern District of New York.

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