U.S. v. LEE

Nos. 98-10059, 98-10061.

183 F.3d 1029 (1999)

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. James LEE, Defendant-Appellant. United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Penny Ray, Defendant-Appellant.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed July 9, 1999.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

George C. Boisseau, Santa Rosa, California, for defendant-appellant James Lee.

Randolph E. Daar, San Francisco, California, for defendant-appellant Penny Ray.

Parker Singh, Assistant U.S. Attorney, San Jose, California, for the plaintiff-appellee.

Before: SNEED, MICHEL, and THOMAS, Circuit Judges.


THOMAS, Circuit Judge:

This appeal presents the question of whether the definition of "ammunition" in the United States Munitions List, promulgated pursuant to 22 U.S.C. § 2778, the Arms Export Control Act, is unconstitutionally vague. We conclude that it is not and affirm the district court.2

I

The China North Industries Corporation ("Norinco") is an import arm of the People's Republic of China. During the late...

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