John D. WEST, on behalf of himself and all other employees of Anne Arundel County Maryland similarly situated, et al; Marianne C. Anderson; Michael C. Andresky; Susan L. Bailey; Brian L. Bond; Charles W. Boyer; Richard A. Brock; Daniel Brown; Anthony W. Burke, Sr.; Tracy L. Burke; Guy Steven Childers; Kim J. Cissna; Riccardo Colella; Larry P. Collison; Michael Albert Connor; Michael E. Cox, Jr.; Timothy Crawford; Arnita Y. Dunham; Michele Delalla; Grafton G. Deitz, Jr.; James H. Edwards, Jr.; Mara L. Eicens; Wayne Eisenhardt; Karen Estepp; Douglas G. Fishel, Jr.; Terry A. Gero; James L. Glime; James E. Goetz; Jeffrey P. Gormley; John Greene; Kathleen D. Grote; Russell Lloyd Harris; Sharon M. Henry; Michaez William Herz; Lisa A. Housand; Joseph M. Huber; William W. Isennock; Daniel L. Jarzynski; C. Edward Jett; Robert Frederick Johnson; Stephen E. Jones; Richard Allen Joy; Clifford C. Kooser, II; James David Kruger; Douglas P. Marshall; Michael J. Marsiglia; William L. Merson; Timothy L. Mikules; Michael Steven Moore, Jr.; Greg A. Novak; George L. Pfeffer, Jr.; Noldon Pope; Mark Steven Praschak; Patrick O. Prendergast; Carol Ann Rabinowitz; Cynthia E. Ray; Hurshel W. Shank, Jr.; Cecilia W. Sledgeski; Gregory Lee Smith, Iii; Randolph S. Spies; Thomas Stag; Peter G. Staley; Logan Starr, Sr.; Frank R. Stamm; David Sterling; Michael Swain; Keith D. Swindle; John Steven Thompson; Timothy Aldyn Tucker; Robert T. Vaccaro, Jr.; Robert Valderas; Marcus D. Wallace; William H. Ward; Khris Edwin Wildt; William Mark Wilhelm; David K. Williams; Raymond J. Schmidt; Kimberly S. Schneider; Michael Andrew Smith; John B. Wellman; Robert A. Harsh; Robert Anthony Mead; James Carroll Rostek, Sr.; Rand J. Lindgren; Raymond Gene Cullison, Jr.; Dawn Rodriguez; David R. Klinger; William H. Phillips; Bruce E. Fritz; Charles Edward Yetter; R. Thomas Crow, Ii; Debbie Schueler; William A. Cooper, Jr.; Steven K. Frye; Michael C. Huffman; Joseph M. Jordan; David James Geslois; Russell E. Davies, Jr.; Erick A. Esker; Donald Weigel; Ralph David Ritchie; Kenneth S. Banke; Jeannie Squillaci; Harry Joseph Joyave; Michael B. Ladd; William L. Bethea, III; John E. Lamb; Daniel T. Woolston; Patrick J. Carmody; Clarence Gerard Hayes; Brett J. Howe, Plaintiffs-Appellees,
United States of America, Intervenor,
v.
ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY, MARYLAND, Defendant-Appellant,
City of Baltimore, Maryland, Amicus Curiae.
John D. WEST, on behalf of himself and all other employees of Anne Arundel County Maryland similarly situated, et al; Marianne C. Anderson; Michael C. Andresky; Susan L. Bailey; Brian L. Bond; Charles W. Boyer; Richard A. Brock; Daniel Brown; Anthony W. Burke, Sr.; Tracy L. Burke; Guy Steven Childers; Kim J. Cissna; Riccardo Colella; Larry P. Collison; Michael Albert Connor; Michael E. Cox, Jr.; Timothy Crawford; Arnita Y. Dunham; Michele Delalla; Grafton G. Deitz, Jr.; James H. Edwards, Jr.; Mara L. Eicens; Wayne Eisenhardt; Karen Estepp; Douglas G. Fishel, Jr.; Terry A. Gero; James L. Glime; James E. Goetz; Jeffrey P. Gormley; John Greene; Kathleen D. Grote; Russell Lloyd Harris; Sharon M. Henry; Michaez William Herz; Lisa A. Housand; Joseph M. Huber; William W. Isennock; Daniel L. Jarzynski; C. Edward Jett; Robert Frederick Johnson; Stephen E. Jones; Richard Allen Joy; Clifford C. Kooser, II; James David Kruger; Douglas P. Marshall; Michael J. Marsiglia; William L. Merson; Timothy L. Mikules; Michael Steven Moore, Jr.; Greg A. Novak; George L. Pfeffer, Jr.; Noldon Pope; Mark Steven Praschak; Patrick O. Prendergast; Carol Ann Rabinowitz; Cynthia E. Ray; Hurshel W. Shank, Jr.; Cecilia W. Sledgeski; Gregory Lee Smith, Iii; Randolph S. Spies; Thomas Stag; Peter G. Staley; Logan Starr, Sr.; Frank R. Stamm; David Sterling; Michael Swain; Keith D. Swindle; John Steven Thompson; Timothy Aldyn Tucker; Robert T. Vaccaro, Jr.; Robert Valderas; Marcus D. Wallace; William H. Ward; Khris Edwin Wildt; William Mark Wilhelm; David K. Williams; Raymond J. Schmidt; Kimberly S. Schneider; Michael Andrew Smith; John B. Wellman; Robert A. Harsh; Robert Anthony Mead; James Carroll Rostek, Sr.; Rand J. Lindgren; Raymond Gene Cullison, Jr.; Dawn Rodriguez; David R. Klinger; William H. Phillips; Bruce E. Fritz; Charles Edward Yetter; R. Thomas Crow, II; Debbie Schueler; William A. Cooper, Jr.; Steven K. Frye; Michael C. Huffman; Joseph M. Jordan; David James Geslois; Russell E. Davies, Jr.; Erick A. Esker; Donald Weigel; Ralph David Ritchie; Kenneth S. Banke; Jeannie Squillaci; Harry Joseph Joyave; Michael B. Ladd; William L. Bethea, III; John E. Lamb; Daniel T. Woolston; Patrick J. Carmody; Clarence Gerard Hayes; Brett J. Howe, Plaintiffs-Appellants,
United States of America, Intervenor,
v.
ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY, MARYLAND, Defendant-Appellee,
City of Baltimore, Maryland, Amicus Curiae.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued December 1, 1997.
Decided February 18, 1998.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
ARGUED: Gail Thuman Watson, Assistant County Attorney, Anne Arundel County Office of Law, Annapolis, MD, for Appellant. John D. Maddox, Arter & Hadden, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae. Francis Joseph Collins, Kahn, Smith & Collins, P.A., Baltimore, MD, for Appellees. Stephanie Robin Marcus, Appellate Staff, Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Intervenor. ON BRIEF: David A. Plymyer, Deputy County Attorney, Anne Arundel County Office of Law, Annapolis, MD, for Appellant. Thomas H. Odom, Terri L. Bowman, Arter & Hadden, Washington, DC; Otho M. Thompson, City Solicitor, James S. Ruckle, Jr., Associate City Solicitor, Baltimore City Law Department, Baltimore, MD, for Amicus Curiae. Joel A. Smith, Andrew H. Kahn, Kahn, Smith & Collins, P.A., Baltimore, MD; Laurence Gold, Washington, DC, for Appellees. Frank W. Hunger, Assistant Attorney General, Lynne Ann Battaglia, United States Attorney, Mark B. Stern, Appellate Staff, Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Intervenor.
Before WILKINSON, Chief Judge, HAMILTON, Circuit Judge, and NORTON, United States District Judge for the District of South Carolina, sitting by designation.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
Affirmed in part and reversed in part by published opinion. Chief Judge WILKINSON wrote the opinion, in which Judge HAMILTON and Judge NORTON joined.
OPINION
WILKINSON, Chief Judge:
Following the Supreme Court's decision in Printz v. United States, ___ U.S. ___, 117 S.Ct. 2365, 138 L.Ed.2d 914 (1997), this court requested supplemental briefing on the following question: "In light of the Supreme Court...
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