MEMORANDUM OPINION
MOTLEY, District Judge.
Plaintiffs Redouane A. Jaouad and Jose A. Vazquez ("Jaouad and Vazquez") sued, in the form of a class action, defendants City of New York, New York City Department of Transportation ("DOT"), New York City Department of Finance ("DOF"), and New York City Parking Violations Bureau ("PVB") (collectively: "the City") under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The City moved to dismiss under Fed.R.Civ. Proc. 12(b)(6). For the...
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