IN RE PAOLI R.R. YARD PCB LITIGATION

No. 95-2098.

113 F.3d 444 (1997)

In re: PAOLI RAILROAD YARD PCB LITIGATION. Mabel BROWN, Individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; Roy F. Weston, Inc.; and OH Materials Company; and General Electric Company; and The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Corporation; and Monsanto Co.; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-02229). George Albert BURRELL; and Priscilla Etheridge Burrell, in their own right, and George Albert Burrell and Priscilla Etheridge Burrell, as parents and natural guardian of Amber Shardai Burrell, a minor, and George Albert Burrell, as parent and natural guardian of Andre Walker, a minor, and Priscilla Etheridge Burrell, as parent and natural guardian of Bobby George Albert Christian Burrell, a minor v. SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ("SEPTA"); and National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak") and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; Monsanto Company; General Electric Company; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation v. PENN CENTRAL CORPORATION (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-02235). K. Louise JONES, Administratrix of the Estate of Harvey N. Jones, Jr., deceased; and K. Louise Jones, as personal representative of Harvey N. Jones, Jr., and K. Louise Jones, in her own right v. SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; Monsanto Company; General Electric Company; The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-05277). James LAMENT, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. SEPTA; Amtrak; and Conrail v. PENN CENTRAL CORPORATION; United States of America: City of Philadelphia v. MONSANTO CO.; General Electric Co.; The Budd Co.; and Westinghouse Electric Corp. (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-05886). Christopher S. BROWN; Jacqueline Michell Brown, h/w v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation; Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. PENN CENTRAL CORPORATION; United States of America; City of Philadelphia; General Electric Co.; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07414). Cathlene BROWN v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City Of Philadelphia; General Electric Company; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation v. PENN CENTRAL CORPORATION (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07415). Craig A. BROWN; and Catherine D. Brown, h/w v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); And Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; Penn Central Corporation; and City of Philadelphia; General Electric Co.; The Budd Co.; and Westinghouse Electric Corp. (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07416). Margherita BARBETTA v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; and City of Philadelphia; The General Electric Company; and The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Corporation v. PENN CENTRAL CORPORATION (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07417). Mary Retta JOHNSON v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak") and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; and General Electric Company; The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Corporation; and Penn Central Corp. (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07418). Celeste BROWN v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; and General Electric Company; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07419). Clemmon L. BROWN v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; and General Electric Company; The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Corporation; and Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07420). Cloyd H. BROWN v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; General Electric Company; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07421). Curtis BROWN v. MONSANTO COMPANY; Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SETPA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; General Electric Company; and The Budd Company; and Westinghouse Electric Company; Penn Central Corp. (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07422). John INGRAM Sr. and Patricia Ingram, in their own right and as parents and natural guardians of John Ingram Jr.; and April Ingram, in her own right v. SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ("SEPTA"); and National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail"); and Monsanto Company ("Monsanto"); and General Electric Company ("GE"); and City of Philadelphia ("Philadelphia") v. UNITED STATES of America; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 86-cv-07561). William BUTLER; Theresa Butler; Marvin L. Simpson; Allen K. Simpson; Karen R. Simpson; Donald E. Simpson; and Bryan M. Jackson v. SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ("SEPTA"); National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. UNITED STATES of America; City of Philadelphia; Monsanta Company; General Electric Company; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil No. 87-cv-02874). Matthew CUNNINGHAM; and Bessie Cunningham v. MONSANTO COMPANY; and Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority ("SEPTA") and National Railroad Passenger Corporation ("Amtrak"); and Consolidated Rail Corporation ("Conrail") v. GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY; The Budd Company; Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Penn Central Corporation (D.C. Civil 87-cv-05269). Margherita Barbetta, Mabel Brown, Cathlene Brown, Celeste Brown, Christopher Brown, Clemmon Brown, Cloyd Brown, Craig Brown, Curtis Brown, William Butler, Theresa Butler, Bessie Cunningham, John Ingram, Sr., John Ingram, Jr., April Ingram Robinson-Ray, Mary Retta Johnson, K. Louise Jones, Karen Simpson, Alan Simpson, Marvin Simpson, Donald Simpson, Bryan Jackson, George Burrell, Priscilla Burrell, individually and as natural guardians for Amber Burrell and Monica Hilton and James Lament, Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.

Decided May 12, 1997.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Joseph C. Kohn, Martin J. D'Urso (Argued) Kohn, Swift & Graf, P.C., Philadelphia, PA, Arnold E. Cohen, Klehr, Harrison, Harvey, Branzburg & Ellers, Philadelphia, PA, D. Bruce Hanes, D. Bruce Hanes & Associates, P.C., Philadelphia, PA, for Appellants.

Roger F. Cox, John J. Monsees, Blank, Rome, Comisky & McCauley, Philadelphia, PA, for Appellee — Southern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority,

John W. Vardaman, Steven R. Kuney (Argued), Robert J. Shaughnessy, Philip A. Sechler, Stephen D. Sencer, Williams & Connolly, Washington, DC, Stephen M. McManus, McCormick & Priore, Philadelphia, PA, for Appellee — General Electric Company.

Robert A. Sutton, Deputy City Solicitor, Office of the City Solicitor, Philadelphia, PA, for Appellee — The City of Philadelphia.

Jerome J. Shestack, Barry M. Klayman, Wolf, Block, Schorr & Solis-Cohen, Philadelphia, PA, for Appellee — Westinghouse Electric Corporation.

Thomas M. Goutman, Robert Toland, II, White & Williams, Philadelphia, PA, for Appellee — Monsanto Company.

Before: BECKER, NYGAARD, and ROTH, Circuit Judges.


OPINION OF THE COURT

BECKER, Circuit Judge.

This toxic tort case is before us for the third time. See In re Paoli Railroad Yard PCB Litig., 916 F.2d 829 (3d Cir.1990) ("Paoli I"); In re Paoli Railroad Yard PCB Litig., 35 F.3d 717 (3d Cir.1994), cert. denied, 513 U.S. 1190, 115 S.Ct. 1253, 131 L.Ed.2d 134 (1995) ("Paoli II"). The plaintiffs have lived for many years in...

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