EQUALITY FOUNDATION v. CITY OF CINCINNATI

Nos. 94-3855, 94-3973, 94-4280.

54 F.3d 261 (1995)

EQUALITY FOUNDATION OF GREATER CINCINNATI, INC., Richard Buchanan, Chad Bush, Edwin Greene, Rita Mathis, Roger Asterino, and H.O.M.E., Inc., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. CITY OF CINCINNATI (94-3973/4280), Defendant-Appellant, Equal Rights Not Special Rights, Mark Miller, Thomas E. Brinkman, Jr., and Albert Moore (94-3855), Intervening Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.

May 12, 1995.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Suzanne B. Goldberg (briefed), New York City, Alphonse A. Gerhardstein (argued and briefed), Laufman, Rauh & Gerhardstein, Scott T. Greenwood (briefed), Greenwood & Hudson, Cincinnati, OH, Patricia M. Logue (briefed), Chicago, IL, for plaintiffs-appellees.

Karl P. Kadon, III (argued), City Solicitor's Office for the City of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, for defendant.

Michael A. Carvin (argued and briefed), William L. McGrath (briefed), Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge, Washington, DC, John J. Fossett, Fossett, Howe, Wessels & Ogle, Ft. Wright, KY, Robert K. Skolrood, National Legal Foundation, Virginia Beach, VA, Robert H. Bork, American Enterprise Institute for Public Research, Washington, DC, for intervenors-appellants.

Thomas W. Condit (briefed), Condit & Dressing, Cincinnati, OH, amicus curiae The American Family Ass'n of Ohio.

Robert E. Manley (briefed), Manley, Burke, Fischer & Lipton, Cincinnati, OH, amicus curiae Cincinnati Federation of Teachers, et al.

Alice L. Brown, Alan Jenkins (briefed), NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, New York City, amicus curiae NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc.

Eric J. Graninger (briefed), Louisville, KY, amicus curiae James E. Andrews.

Paul M. Smith (briefed), Jenner & Block, Washington, DC, amicus curiae The American Psychological Ass'n, et al.

Richard A. Cordray (briefed), Marianne Neal, Asst. Atty. Gen., Office of the Atty. Gen. of Ohio, Columbus, OH, amicus curiae Ohio Atty. Gen.

Before: KENNEDY, KRUPANSKY, and NORRIS, Circuit Judges.


KRUPANSKY, Circuit Judge.

In case numbers 94-3855/3973, defendant/appellant the City of Cincinnati ("the City"), and intervening defendants/appellants Equal Rights Not Special Rights ("ERNSR"), Mark Miller, Thomas E. Brinkman, Jr., and Albert Moore, challenged the lower court's invalidation of, and permanent injunction restraining implementation of, an amendment to the City Charter of Cincinnati ("the Charter") denominated "Issue 3" which was enacted by popular vote...

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