U.S. v. HOLMES

Nos. 121, 122, Dockets 93-1873, 93-1893.

44 F.3d 1150 (1995)

UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Cloyd J. HOLMES and Salvatore Frasca, Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

Decided January 23, 1995.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Patricia E. Notopoulos, Asst. U.S. Atty. for the E.D. of N.Y. (Zachary W. Carter, U.S. Atty.; Peter A. Norling, Asst. U.S. Atty., of counsel), for appellee.

Paul Greenfield, New York City for defendants Holmes and Frasca.

Before: OAKES, KEARSE, and PRATT, Circuit Judges.


PRATT, Circuit Judge:

Defendants appeal their convictions on charges relating to their embezzlement of welfare funds from Local 377 of United Services Employees Union. On appeal they raise numerous issues, including claims that (1) they were charged and convicted of several crimes that arose out of a single pattern of conduct; (2) the district court's charge to the jury on structuring financial transactions was defective under Ratzlaf v. United States, ___...

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