THORSTED v. GREGOIRE

Nos. C92-1763WD, C93-770WD.

841 F.Supp. 1068 (1994)

Susan THORSTED; William First; and Timothy S. Zenk, Plaintiffs, v. Christine O. GREGOIRE; and Ralph Munro, Defendants, and Sherry Bockwinkel; Limit; Citizens for Term Limits; U.S. Term Limits; Alan M. Gottlieb; Lee Gill; and Wilbur B. McPherson, Intervenors Defendants. Margaret COLONY; League of Women Voters of Washington; George Cheek; John Clute; and Thomas Foley, Plaintiffs, v. Ralph MUNRO; and Christine O. Gregoire, Defendants. and Sherry Bockwinkel; Limit; Citizens for Term Limits; U.S. Term Limits; Alan M. Gottlieb; Lee Gill; and Wilbur B. McPherson, Intervenors Defendants.

United States District Court, W.D. Washington, at Seattle.

February 10, 1994.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Glen K. Thorsted, Bellevue, WA, for Susan Thorsted, William First, Timothy S. Zenk.

Fredric C. Tausend, Paul J. Lawrence, Stephen A. Smith, Preston, Thorgrimson, Shidler, Gates & Ellis, Seattle, WA, for Margaret Colony.

Stephen A. Smith, Preston, Thorgrimson, Shidler, Gates & Ellis, Seattle, WA, for League of Women Voters of Washington, George Cheek, John Clute, Thomas Foley.

John Maurice Groen, Pacific Legal Foundation, Bellevue, WA, Deborah J. La Fetra, Pacific Legal Foundation, Sacramento, CA, for Citizens for Term Limits.

Jeffrey T. Even, Atty. General's Office, Olympia, WA, James Kendrick Pharris, Atty. General's Office, Olympia, WA, for Kenneth O. Eikenberry, State of Wash., Ralph Munro.

Richard Andrew Derham, Davis Wright Tremaine, Seattle, WA, John G. Kester, Williams & Connolly, Washington, DC, for U.S. Term Limits, Alan M. Gottlieb, Lee Gill, Wilbur B. McPherson.

Kevin J. Hamilton, Thomas More Kellenberg, Perkins Coie, Seattle, WA, for American Civ. Liberties Union of Washington (ACLU), amicus.

David C. Stewart, Oles, Morrison & Rinker, Seattle, WA, for WA Legal Foundation, amicus.

Richard Andrew Derham, Davis Wright Tremaine, Seattle, WA, for Taxpayers United for Term Limits, amicus, Ronald D. Rotunda, amicus.

Herbert E. Wilgis, III, Preston, Thorgrimson, Shidler, Gates & Ellis, Seattle, WA, Lloyd N. Cutler, Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, Washington, DC, for Henry J. Hyde, amicus.

Wallace M. Rudolph, pro se.

Shawn T. Newman, James Martin Johnson, Olympia, WA, Cleta Deatherage Mitchell, Washington, DC, Griffin B. Bell, King & Spalding, Atlanta, GA, Polly J. Price, King & Spalding, Washington, DC, for Limit (Sponsor of Initiative 573).

Shawn T. Newman, James Martin Johnson, Olympia, WA, Cleta Deatherage Mitchell, Washington, DC, Griffin B. Bell, King & Spalding, Atlanta, GA, Polly J. Price, James D. Miller, King & Spalding, Washington, DC, for Sherry Bochwinkel.

Sherry Bochwinkel, pro se.


ORDER ON DISPOSITIVE MOTIONS

DWYER, District Judge.

I. INTRODUCTION

These consolidated cases are of fundamental importance to the structure of representative government in the United States. At issue is the constitutionality of a state law designed to prevent incumbents who have served for a specified number of years from winning re-election to the United States Senate or House of Representatives.

On November 3, 1992, the voters of the...

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