AIKEN v. CITY OF MEMPHIS

Nos. 92-6154, 92-6157 to 92-6159.

37 F.3d 1155 (1994)

Russell AIKEN, et al. (92-6154); William Ashton, et al. (92-6159), Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. The CITY OF MEMPHIS; Richard C. Hackett, individually and in his official capacity as Mayor; James Ivy, individually and in his official capacity as Director of Police Services, Defendants-Appellees. Freddie EASON (92-6157), Plaintiff-Appellant, v. The CITY OF MEMPHIS, Defendant-Appellee. Sam DAVIS, et al. (92-6158), Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. The CITY OF MEMPHIS; Richard C. Hackett, individually and in his official capacity as Mayor; B.G. Hall, individually and in his official capacity as Director of Fire Services, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.

Decided October 6, 1994.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

David M. Sullivan (argued and briefed), Memphis, TN, for Russell Aiken, Frank Amato, Charles Barnes, Kennon Carlton, Danny Carter, Tammy Clevenger, J.R. Coatney, Steve Comella, H.J. Essary, Bryant Jennings, Paul Keating, Barry Lane, Russell Lollar, A.E. Locke, Mark McClain, Frank McGowan, Danny O'Connor, Monte Perkins, Allen S. Rawie, Rick Sansom, E. Lawrence Smith, Dana Stine, Robert J. Stone, Jerry Tennyson, James Wiley, Dan Wood, John R. Wright and Joseph Wright in No. 92-6154.

Thomas Edwards Hansom, Louis Britt (briefed and argued), H. Lynne Smith, Office of the City Atty., Dan M. Norwood, Charles V. Holmes, McKnight, Hudson, Lewis & Henderson, Memphis, TN, for defendants-appellees in No. 92-6154.

Gregory B. Friel (briefed), U.S. Dept. of Justice, Civil Rights Div., Appellate Section, Washington, DC, for amicus curiae U.S. in Nos. 92-6154, 92-6157.

David M. Sullivan (argued and briefed), Memphis, TN, Freddie Eason in 92-6157.

Richard B. Fields, H. Lynne Smith, Mark A. Allen, Agee, Allen, Godwin, Morris & Laurenzi, Louis Britt (argued and briefed), Charles V. Holmes, McKnight, Hudson, Lewis & Henderson, Memphis, TN, for defendant-appellee in No. 92-6157.

David M. Sullivan (argued and briefed), Memphis, TN, for Sam Davis, Allen Roberts, Herbert Chambers, John Distretti, Kenneth Jackson and Billy L. Tuten, in No. 92-6158.

Richard B. Fields, Mark A. Allen, Agee, Allen, Godwin, Morris & Laurenzi, Louis Britt (argued and briefed), Charles V. Holmes, McKnight, Hudson, Lewis & Henderson, Memphis, TN, for defendants-appellees in No. 92-6158.

David M. Sullivan (argued and briefed), Memphis, TN, for William Ashton, Don Boyd, Kennon Carlton, Danny Carter, James Coatney, Steve Cole, Stephen Comella, Dan Cook, Ronald Cummings, Thomas Helldorfer, Billy Garrett, Richard Kitchens, George Maxwell, Frank McGowan, Danny O'Connor, Stephen Roberson, Frederick Sansom, Robert Shelton, Thomas Simmons, Dale Simms, Dana Stine, Roy Tidwell, Ronnie Weddle, Reed Westbrook, James Wright, Joseph Wright and Owen Yarbrough, in No. 92-6159.

Louis Britt (argued), Charles V. Holmes, McKnight, Hudson, Lewis & Henderson, Memphis, TN, for defendants-appellees in No. 92-6159.

Before: MERRITT, Chief Judge; KEITH, KENNEDY, MARTIN, JONES, MULBURN, GUY, NELSON, RYAN, BOGGS, NORRIS, SUHRHEINRICH, SILER, BATCHELDER and DAUGHTREY, Circuit Judges.


RALPH B. GUY, Jr., J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which MERRITT, C.J., KENNEDY, MILBURN, DAVID A. NELSON, RYAN, BOGGS, ALAN E. NORRIS, SUHRHEINRICH, SILER, and BATCHELDER, JJ., joined. MERRITT, C.J. (pp. 1168-69), also separately concurred. NATHANIEL R. JONES, J. (pp. 1169-79), delivered a dissenting opinion, in which KEITH, BOYCE F. MARTIN Jr., and DAUGHTREY, JJ., joined. KEITH J. (pp. 1179-81), also separately dissented.

RALPH B. GUY, Jr., Circuit Judge...

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