DAVID R. THOMPSON, Circuit Judge:
In Grogan v. Garner, ___ U.S. ___, 111 S.Ct. 654, 661, 112 L.Ed.2d 755 (1991), the Supreme Court held that the standard of proof for the dischargeability exceptions contained in section 523(a) of the Bankruptcy Code is the ordinary preponderance of the evidence standard, rather than the clear and convincing standard. In this appeal, we decide whether we should apply the preponderance of the evidence standard retroactively....
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