IN RE INSURANCE ANTITRUST LITIGATION

Nos. 89-16405, 89-16513 to 89-16531.

938 F.2d 919 (1991)

In re INSURANCE ANTITRUST LITIGATION. ACE CHECK CASHING, INC.; Acme Corrugated Box Company, Inc.; Anastasios Markos, t/a Municipal Exxon; Bay Harbor Park Homeowner's Association, Inc.; Bensalem Township Authority; Big D Building Supply Corporation, et al., Private Plaintiffs, Plaintiffs-Appellants, and State of Alabama, et al., Plaintiffs, v. AETNA CASUALTY AND SURETY COMPANY; Allstate Insurance Company; Cigna Corp.; Hartford Fire Insurance Company, et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF CALIFORNIA; City of Lafayette; City and County of San Francisco; County of San Benito, Plaintiffs-Appellants, and State of Alabama, et al., Plaintiffs, v. AETNA CASUALTY AND SURETY COMPANY; Allstate Insurance Company; Cigna Corp.; Hartford Fire Insurance Company, et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF CALIFORNIA; City of Lafayette; City and County of San Francisco; County of San Benito, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. INSURANCE SERVICES OFFICE, INC., CNA RE (U.K.) Ltd.; Continental Reinsurance Corporation; Union-America Insurance Co.; Edwards & Payne Ltd.; Excess Insurance Co., Ltd.; General Reinsurance Corp.; Thomas A. Greene & Company, Inc.; Kemper Reinsurance London; Lloyd's Underwriters & Brokers; Mercantile & General Reinsurance Company of America; North American Reinsurance Corporation; Oxford Syndicate Mgmt. Ltd.; (sued herein as K.F. Adler & Others (U.A.) Ltd.); Prudential Reinsurance; Reinsurance Association of America; Terra Nova Insurance Co.; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Allstate Insurance Company; Winterthur Reinsurance Corporation of America; Cigna Corp.; Hartford Fire Insurance Company, Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF NEW YORK; Roosevelt Island Operating Authority; Village of Groton; Village of Lake Success, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Allstate Insurance; et al., Defendants-Appellees. COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS; Town of Hanover; Town of Milford, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Allstate Insurance; et al. Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF MINNESOTA, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Allstate Insurance; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA; City of Clay; County of Hancock; County of Mineral; County of Wirt, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Allstate Insurance; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF WISCONSIN, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Allstate Insurance; et al., Defendants-Appellees. CITY OF MOBILE; State of Alabama; City of Birmingham, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. AETNA CASUALTY AND SURETY COMPANY; Winterthur Reinsurance Corporation of America; Cigna Corp.; Hartford Fire Insurance Company; Allstate Insurance, Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF ARIZONA, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF MARYLAND, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF WASHINGTON; County of Cowlitz, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF NEW JERSEY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF COLORADO, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. WINTERTHUR REINSURANCE CORPORATION OF AMERICA; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; Hartford Fire Insurance Company; Allstate Insurance, Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF OHIO; Township of Jackson; County of Hardin, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF CONNECTICUT, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA; County of Schuylkill; City of Altoona; City of York; Borough of Chambersburg, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF ALASKA, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF MONTANA; County of Teton, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF MICHIGAN, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees. STATE OF LOUISIANA, Cities of Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Slidell, Nachitoches and Eunice, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY; Allstate Insurance; Aetna Casualty and Surety Company; Cigna Corp.; et al., Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Decided June 18, 1991.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Thomas Greene, Deputy Atty. Gen., San Francisco, Cal., H. Ladie Montague, Philadelphia, Pa., for plaintiffs-appellants.

Laurel Price, Deputy Atty. Gen., Trenton, N.J., for State plaintiffs-appellants.

Bartlett H. McGuire, Davis, Polk & Wardwell, Washington, D.C., John Harkins, Philadelphia, Pa., Martin Evans, New York City, for defendants-appellees.

Edwin A. Heafey, Jr., Raoul D. Kennedy and Richard de Saint Phalle of Crosby, Heafey, Roach & May, Oakland, Cal., defendants-appellees' liaison counsel.

Before BEEZER and NOONAN, Circuit Judges, and SINGLETON, District Judge.


NOONAN, Circuit Judge:

Nineteen states and numerous private parties brought antitrust suits against the defendants named above. These suits were consolidated in the district court and were ultimately dismissed. The plaintiffs appeal. We reverse the district court and remand.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

The undisputed facts are set out by the district court in In re Insurance Antitrust Litigation, 723 F.Supp. 464

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