PULIDO v. CAVAZOS

Nos. 90-1191, 90-1239 and 90-1240.

934 F.2d 912 (1991)

Rudy PULIDO; John M. Swomley; and, G. Hugh Wamble, Appellees, v. Lauro F. CAVAZOS, individually and as Secretary of U.S. Department of Education; United States Department of Education; and, Blue Hills Homes Corporation, Appellants. Ronald Jones; Theresa Jones; Grace Moorning; William Grahl; Julia Ann Grahl; Dwayne Johnson; Barbara Johnson; Daniel Hof; Linda Hof; Pamela Joan Brobst; Linda Johnson; Gerald Dunn; Mary Dunn; Michael Ewing; Jo Ellen Ewing; Kenneth Menges; Carol Menges; Dr. John Senott; Marcia Senott; Sharon Spinks; Connie Welschmeyer; Jess Smith; and, Rosa Smith, Intervenors below. Rudy PULIDO; John M. Swomley; and, G. Hugh Wamble, Appellees, v. Lauro F. CAVAZOS, individually and as Secretary of U.S. Department of Education; United States Department of Education; and, Blue Hills Homes Corporation. Ronald Jones; Theresa Jones; Grace Moorning; William Grahl; Julia Ann Grahl; Dwayne Johnson; Barbara Johnson; Daniel Hof; Linda Hof; Pamela Joan Brobst; Linda Johnson; Gerald Dunn; Mary Dunn; Michael Ewing; Jo Ellen Ewing; Kenneth Menges; Carol Menges; Dr. John Senott; Marcia Senott; Sharon Spinks; Connie Welschmeyer; Jess Smith; and, Rosa Smith, Appellants, (Intervenors below). Rudy PULIDO; John M. Swomley; and, G. Hugh Wamble, Appellants, v. Lauro F. CAVAZOS, individually and as Secretary of U.S. Department of Education; United States Department of Education; and, Blue Hills Homes Corporation, Appellees. Ronald Jones; Theresa Jones; Grace Moorning; William Grahl; Julia Ann Grahl; Dwayne Johnson; Barbara Johnson; Daniel Hof; Linda Hof; Pamela Joan Brobst; Linda Johnson; Gerald Dunn; Mary Dunn; Michael Ewing; Jo Ellen Ewing; Kenneth Menges; Carol Menges; Dr. John Senott; Marcia Senott; Sharon Spinks; Connie Welschmeyer; Jess Smith; and, Rosa Smith, Appellees, (Intervenors below).

United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.

Decided May 21, 1991.

Rehearing and Rehearing Denied July 24, 1991.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Howard Scher and Kevin T. Baine, Washington, D.C., for appellants.

Lee Boothby, Berrien Springs, Mich., and Patricia Brannon, Washington, D.C., for appellees.

Before JOHN R. GIBSON, MAGILL and BEAM, Circuit Judges.


Rehearing and Rehearing En Banc Denied July 24, 1991.

JOHN R. GIBSON, Circuit Judge.

Once again the constitutionality of certain provisions of Chapter 1 of Title I of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981, 20 U.S.C. §§ 2701-3386 (1988), providing remedial education to low income students in parochial schools is before this court. Rudy Pulido, John M. Swomley and G. Hugh Wamble1 filed a suit to challenge...

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