KANNE, Circuit Judge.
This case exclusively concerns the imposition of monetary sanctions under Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The case began simply enough in 1987. TMF Tool Company filed a three-count complaint against a Swiss company, H.M. Financiere & Holding, S.A., and its chief executive officer, Hans Muller. The complaint alleged that an agent of the defendants fraudulently induced TMF to sign and deliver a $350,000 promissory note and...
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